Bihar Board 12th English 100 Marks Model Question Paper 1

Time: 3 Hours + 15 Minutes
Full Marks : 100

Instructions

1. Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as for as practicable.
2. Figures in the right hand margin indicate full marks.
3. While answering the candidate should adhere to the words limit as far as practicable.
4. 15 minutes of extra time has been allotted to the candidates to read the questions and follow the instructions carefully.
5. All questions are compulsory.
6. Use of any electronic device is strictly prohibited.
7. This question paper is divided into two sections Section-A and Section-B.
8. In Section-A, there are 50 objective type questions, each carrying 1 mark. Darken the circle with blue/black ball pen against the correct option on OMR sheet provided to you. Do not use Whitener/Liquid/Blade/Nail on OMR Answer Sheet; otherwise, the result will be treated as invalid.
9. In Section-B there are descriptive type questions.

Section – A
Objective Type Questions

Choose the most suitable answer from the choices given below.

Question 1.
Who gave you permisson to enter? (Choose the best passive voice)
(a) By whom where you given the permisson to enter?
(b) By whom given you permission to enter?
(c) By whom you were given permission to enter?
(d) By whom was given permisson to enter?
Answer:
(c) By whom you were given permission to enter?

Question 2.
He has been decive by his own friend (Choose the best active voice)
(a) His friends had been deceiving him.
(b) His own friends are deceiving him.
(c) His own friends has deceiving him.
(d) His own friends were been deceiving him.
Answer:
(b) His own friends are deceiving him.

Question 3.
They _______ their new car two weeks ago. (choose the correct tense form)
(a) will buy
(b) have bought
(c) buy
(d) bought
Answer:
(b) have bought

Question 4.
What _______ you doing when I ment you? (choosethe best option)
(a) were
(b) was
(c) are
(d) did
Answer:
(a) were

Question 5.
Health is very important. It must not be negleeted. (Choose the correct combination)
(a) Health is very-important to be negleeted.
(b) Health is too important to be negleeted.
(c) Health is not important to be neglectd.
(d) Health has too important to be neglected.
Answer:
(b) Health is too important to be negleeted.

Question 6.
_______ you lend me you book. (Choose the auxiliary verb)
(a) Shall
(b) Will
(c) Must
(d) Have
Answer:
(b) Will

Question 7.
I _______ a letter to her yesterday. (Choose the best verb form)
(a) had written
(b) can write
(c) worte
(d) will write
Answer:
(a) had written

Question 8.
Scorates said, “Virtue is its own reward.” (Chosse the best option)
(a) Socrates said that virtue had its own reward.
(b) Socrates say that virtue has its own reward.
(c) Socrates said virtue is its own reward.
(d) Socrates sasy that virtue was its own reward.
Answer:
(c) Socrates said virtue is its own reward.

Question 9.
He asked me whether I has finished reading the magzine (Choose the best option)
(a) He says to me, “Have you finished reading the magazine?”
(b) He says to me, “Have you finished reading the magazine?”
(c) He says told me, “Have you finished reading the magazine?”
(d) He ordered, “Have you finished reading the magazine?”
Answer:
(c) He says told me, “Have you finished reading the magazine?”

Question 10.
You’ll get used to _______ early moring walks.
(Choose the best meaningful expression)
(a) take
(b) be taking
(c) taking
(d) betaken
Answer:
(a) take

Question 11.
I used _______ to the cinema a lot. (Choose the
best meaning expression)
(a) go
(b) going
(c) to go
(d) to going
Answer:
(c) to go

Question 12.
Have you heard her _______ a joke? (Choose the best meaningful expression)
(a) to tell
(b) to have told
(c) tell
(d) to telling
Answer:
(d) to telling

Question 13.
_______ his surprise, the door was open. (Choose the correct preposition)
(a) To
(b) By
(c) On
(d) With
Answer:
(a) To

Question 14.
The cat jumped _______ the chair. (Choose the correct preposition)
(a) inside
(b) onto
(c) out
(d) at
Answer:
(d) at

Question 15.
I t is a painting a famous painter. (Choose the correct preposition)
(a) by
(b) in
(c) at
(d) for
Answer:
(a) by

Question 16.
Choose the correct sentence :
(a) He gave me many advices.
(b) He gave advices many.
(c) He gave many advices.
(d) He gave m e many pieces of advice.
Answer:
(a) He gave me many advices.

Question 17.
Choose the correct sentence :
(a) There are fewer students in the class today.
(b) There are less students in the class today.
(c) There are heavy students in the class room.
(d) There are much students in the class today.
Answer:
(b) There are less students in the class today.

Question 18.
Choose the correct sentence :
(a) He came here by foot
(b) He came here an foot.
(c) He came here at foot.
(d) He came here over foot.
Answer:
(b) He came here an foot.

Question 19.
I am tired of _______ (Choose the best option)
(a) waiting
(b) had to wait
(c) to wait
(d) wait
Answer:
(a) waiting

Question 20.
I don’t feel like _______ It. (Choose the best option)
(a) do
(b) will do
(c) to do
(d) doing
Answer:
(c) to do

Question 21.
She liked _______ many question at the press conference. (Choose the best option)
(a) being asked
(b) of asking
(c) asked
(d) ask
Answer:
(b) of asking

Question 22.
I’d like _______ to movie this afternoon. (Choose the best option)
(a) to go
(b) will go
(c) going
(d) go
Answer:
(a) to go

Question 23.
It’s Thursday today. Tomorrow it _______ Friday. (Choose the best option)
(a) be
(b) will be
(c) was
(d) will
Answer:
(b) will be

Question 24.
A person who rarely speaks the truth is a _______ (Choose the correct answer)
(a) Crook
(b) Scoundrel
(c) Liar
(d) Hypocrite
Answer:
(b) Scoundrel

Question 25.
I don’t think Rajesh is _______ tho lift this box. (Choose the best option)
(a) Enough stomg
(b) too strong
(c) Stomg enough
(d) strong too
Answer:
(a) Enough stomg

Question 26.
Find the correctly spelt word:
(a) Livelihood
(b) Livlihood
(c) Livelyhood
(d) Livelyhood
Answer:
(a) Livelihood

Question 27.
Find the correctly spelt word:
(a) Sycological
(b) Pshkological
(c) Psychologeical
(d) Sykological
Answer:
(c) Psychologeical

Question 28.
Juhi _______ a blue skirt today. (Choose the best option)
(a) wears
(b) wear
(c) wearing
(d) is wearing
Answer:
(a) wears

Question 29.
The phone _______ Can you answer it please ?
(Choose the best option)
(a) rings
(b) rang
(c) ring
(d) is ringing
Answer:
(a) rings

Question 30.
I am _______ prepared. (Choose the best option)
(a) full
(b) fell
(c) fully
(d) felt
(b) fell

Question 31.
The sentence ‘Civilization is that mode of conduct which points out to man the path of duty’ is from (Choose the correct option)
(a) Indian civilization and Culture
(b) A Child is Bom
(c) The Earth
(d) I Have a Dream
Answer:
(a) Indian civilization and Culture

Question 32.
‘Bhara is My home is written by : (Choose the correct option)
(a) Germaine Greer
(b) Shiga Naoya
(c) Pearl S. Buck
(d) Zakir Hussain
Answer:
(b) Shiga Naoya

Question 33.
Dorothy L. Sayers is a/an _______ (Choose the correct option)
(a) novelist
(b) singer
(c) essayist
(d) actor
Answer:
(c) essayist

Question 34.
Shiga Naoya is a short story writer.
(a) Japanese
(b) Chinese
(c) Korean
(d) Malaysian
Answer:
(a) Japanese

Question 35.
Benjy’s parents had rented their land to a man named – (Choose the correct option)
(a) Sanders
(b) Kris
(c) Alexander
(d) Michael
Answer:
(d) Michael

Question 36.
Pearl S. Buck taught in a _______ University. (Choose the correct option)
(a) Chinese
(b) American
(c) African
(d) British
Answer:
(a) Chinese

Question 37.
Anton Chekov began his literary by writing- (Choose the correct option)
(a) short stories
(b) poems
(c) dramas
(d) comic sketches
Answer:
(d) comic sketches

Question 38.
The line ‘O how feeble is man’s power’ – is from : (Choose the correct option)
(a) Fire-Hymn
(b) To autumn
(c) Snake
(d) Sweetest Love I Do Not Goe
Answer:
(d) Sweetest Love I Do Not Goe

Question 39.
‘Leaves of Grass’ is collection of poems by- (Choose the correct option)
(a) John Donne
(b) W.H.Auden
(c) T. S. Eliot
(d) Walt Whitman
Answer:
(d) Walt Whitman

Question 40.
‘Whispering neighbors, left and right’ is from- (Choose the correct option)
(a) Fire-Hymn
(b) Now the Leavesa are falling Fast
(c) The Soldier
(d) To Autumn
Answer:
(b) Now the Leavesa are falling Fast

Question 41.
‘Lamia’ and ‘Hyperion’ are weriten by- (Choose the correct option)
(a) William Wordsworth
(b) P.B.Shelley
(c) John Keats
(d) S.T. Coleridege
Answer:
(c) John Keats

Question 42.
Macavity the cat is full of – (Choose the correct option)
(a) cham
(b) deceit
(c) beauty
(d) honesty
Answer:
(b) deceit

Question 43.
Sankes were seen among _______ in ‘My Grand Mother’s House’- (Choose the correct option)
(a) beds
(b) chairs
(c) books
(d) tables
Answer:
(c) books

Question 44.
The line ‘Here lies a most beautiful lady’ is from – (Choose the correct option)
(a) Sanke
(b) To Autumn
(c) Fire-Hymn
(d) An Epitaph
Answer:
(d) An Epitaph

Question 45.
The development of was helped by the introduction of _______ the printing technology. (Choose the correct option)
(a) Old English
(b) Modem English
(c) Middle English
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) Middle English

Question 46.
‘Untouchable’ and ‘Coolie’ are written by – (Choose the correct option)
(a) R.K. Narayan
(b) B. C. Chattopdhyay
(c) M.R. Anand
(d) S.C. Chatterjee
Answer:
(a) R.K. Narayan

Question 47.
Hamlet’ and ‘Othello’ are written by – (Choose the correct option)
(a) G.. B. Shaw
(b) William Shakespeare
(c) Thomas Sachville
(d) T.S. Eliot
Answer:
(b) William Shakespeare

Question 48.
_______ will be common language for use. (Choose the correct option)
(a) Global Standard English
(b) American English
(c) Middle English
(d) British English
Answer:
(a) Global Standard English

Question 49
The world ‘drama’ comes from a _______ word. (Choose the correct option)
(a) Latin
(b) Scandinavian
(c) Indian
(d) Greek
Answer:
(a) Latin

Question 50.
The ‘Romantic Revival’ is associated with- (Choose the correct option)
(a) John Dryden
(b) William Wordsworth
(c) Alexander
(d) John Milton
Answer:
(b) William Wordsworth

Section – B
Non-Objective Type Questions

Question 1.
Write an essay in about 150-200 words on any one of the following (8)
(a) Value of Newspapers
(b) Science in the service of man
(c) Patriotism
(d) If I were a Millionaire
(e) Work is Workshop
Answer:
(a) Value of newspapers:
Information received form different quarters is, fact, treated as news. A newspaper is, thus, paper which contains the most important of such news and carries them to the people in general, it may be called a summary of the important current events.

The newspaper is very important in the life of a civilized nation. It is the medium through which public opinion is expressed. It circulates news and views in which different classes of people are interested. Thus, the teachers, doctors, lawyers, traders, sportsmen, even the children find in it some items of information that interest them.

The newspaper is a powerful means for propagating political views and moulding the opinions of the people towards certain ends. In fact, great change in the administration of a country may be made through the agency of newspapers. It also makes people conscious of their rights and duties and teach them how to protect their rights. Probably the greatest value of newspapers is that they develop and spread knowledge. Through the newspaper we come to know about the views of great thinkers and social refomers.

(b) Science in the service of man:
We are living in an age of science. Miracles of science have changed our lives. The best of the comforts and luxuries that we have today are the contributions of science. Science has made our life easy and comfortable. It has reduced the time, space and distance.

The inventions of science have revolutionized the world of transport. The distance is meaningless today. We have aeroplanes, cars, bullet trains, ships, etc. Within a short time we can cover a very long distance. The world has turned smaller due to these fast means of transport. Man has succeeded in landing on the moon. The means of transport have enabled us to explore the possibility of life on other planet. Space travel is a reality today.

Science has helped us to conquer many deadly diseases. Diseases like tuberculosis and cancer are no longer considered dangerous and incurable. Operations are performed in a painless way. The discovery of X-ray has helped in diagnosis of a disease and in locating an injury or fracture. Electric shocks are a great boon to surgery. In addition, new ultra scanning and plastic surgery are the wonder of science in the field of medicine.

But every silver cloud has a dark lining. Science is both constructive and destructive. It has given nuclear bomb, hydrogen bomb, fighter plane, sophisticated assault guns, pistols and rifles. Laser bombs, missiles and rockets can cause destruction and damage at a distant place.

Thus, science has created as well as annihilated. It is an instrument which needs to be used with rationality. It is a blessing so long as it is used with care and caution. It depends on us how we use it.

(c) Patriotism:
Patriotism is the feeling of love and respect for one’s country. Patriots are known to love their country unconditionally and are proud of it. Every country in the world has its set of patriorts-people who are ready to do anything for their country. However, the spirit of patriotism seems to be fading these days owing to the growing competition in every field as well as the changing lifestyle of people.

In the past, particularly during the British reign, many people came forward to instill the feeling of patriotism among their fellow countrymen. Patriots held meetings, gave lectures and used various other means to inspire the people around them. In the same way, a feeling of patriotism must be instilled in the young generation today too. This must be done when they are still young. School and colleges must fake initiate to instill children with a feeling of love and respect for their country.

Many institutions host functions and organize events on 15th August and 26th January. Patriotic songs are sung and a feeling of patriotism seems to engulf the entire nation around that time. But is this real patriotism? No! Such an atmosphere must be created in general and not just around these special dates. It is then that such a feeling will be instilled in the heart of every citizen forever.

A nation where the youth loves the country and is driven towards improving its condition socially and economically would certainly grow better. A true patriot is the one who’ works hard for the betterment of his country. He contributes his bit towards improving the condition of his country in whatever way he can. A true patriot does not only work towards building his nation but also inspires those around him to do so.

(d) If I were a Millionaire:
If wishes were horses, even beggars would ride. But sometimes dream come true. I am poor in life and my wishes are hopelessly small. I live in a state of uncertainty and I never know whether I shall be able to afford my next meal. But there is no check on one’s fancy. Fancy is my luxury. I wish I we a millionaire! As a poor man, I have often experienced that Rich men are generally selfish to the extent of being cruel. Their outlook on life is not human but materialistic.

They forget that to be rich is not to be in human. When I am rich, I shall not forget god and god’s men. A wealthy man can do much good to this world. Wealth often spoils man. Money along with comforts and care brings evil also. Rich men are generally victims to one evil or the other. I have natural dislike for the base and the disreputable. I was born human and shall live a pious and noble life. This duty o penly man owns to god. I shall fulfill this duty. I shall set a noble example before others and shall be a brilliant light for misguided millionaires.

I would very much wish to encourage social service in the country. I shall make a trust which will look after the welfare of orphans. It is a pity that in our country wealthy persons do not possess charitable qualities. I shall lead a noble life an cut down my own expenses so that I may help others to live better. I am a noble-hearted and simple person.That is what I could remain even if become a millionaire

(e) Work is Worship:
Work is what we make it to be. We all have similar work to do. Yet it is the attitude with which one works that makes the difference to it. If one works with irritation and anger it shows in the work. Even if the work is completed, there would neither have been joy during the process of working nor would there be beauty to the work accomplished.

We have work to do as a student. We need to study. We have to go to school. There are assignments and projects to do. We also participate in various curricular and extra-curricular activities during an academic session at school. All this constitutes our work. If we do it grudgingly, we cannot enjoy the education process. If there is joy in what we have to do, it becomes easier to accomplish. Learning then is fun, not a bore or trouble at all.

When we engage in worship we have the sentiment of respect, love, sincerity, simplicity and truth. There is also a sense of devotion, dedication and excellence in worship. If we could bring these values and such a sentiment to the work that we do, we would convert work to worship.

Question 2.
Explain any one of the following. (1 × 4 = 4)

(a) In no part of the world and under no civillization, have all men attained perfection.
Answer:
A man is hot necessarily happy because he is rich or unhappy because he is poor ? The rich are often seen to be unhappy the poor to be happy.
This extract is taken from ‘Indian Civilization And Culture’ is written by M.K. Gandhi. According to Gandhi, the key to real happiness lies in satisfaction. If we indulge in our passions, our desire gradually increases and even if fulfilled, there is a new craving which does not allows us to be happy and content.

The rich people having luxuries desire for yet more comforts and often poor people not taking interest in luxuries and comforts and often poor people not taking interest in luxuries and comfort bridles his passions and thus keeps himself content, satisfied and happy. So, the key real happiness lies in restriction of desires of our giddy mind and usage of hand and feet. Gandhi defines happiness as largely mental condition. Happiness is a stress less, joyful condition of mind.

(b) And as we walk, we make the pledge that we shall always march ahead.
Answer:
The past is not dead and static.
Dr. Zakir Hussain says that past is not dead and static, it is not worthless because it is alive, it is dynamic and energetic and it is involved in determining the quality of our present and the prospects of coming future. He says that we cant neglect the past because it is thing which lets us know the attribute of our present, it decides outlook of our future. So, although past is gone, it does keep the strength of deciding thing of present and future.

(c) And suddenly the land was for sale: their land, their earth, which was all they had.
Answer:
The life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination.
This line has been taken from ‘I have a Dream’. Written by ‘Martin Luther King Jr. Hear the author says that it has the clear meaning that the life of Negro is still like that of a disabled person because if is captivated with the handcuffs of seperation (on basis of race) and the fetters of discrimination.

The Negroes are thought to be inferior to the whites and so are not given the proper rights of a citizen but are tormented every where. In such circumstances Negroes are like a disabled person who can’t do anything on and for its own. They are racially discriminated everywhere and are still fettered. They are tribulated, tortured and tormented. They are not given the right to vote, they are not allowed to go to public palces and are cut off from the society as if they are not humans. This in human act done with them has crippled their life.

(d) Mother was waiting on the doorstep, her face wreathed in smiles.
Answer:
“This tie-and-collar business is no good these days”.
This line has been taken from the stray ‘A Pinch of Snuff written by Manohar Malgoankar.
By the given statement Nanukaka menat that till then tie-and-collar has become a very common dress and if we had to impress somebody, we should leave this tie-and- collar and instead wear traditional clothes.

Question 3.
Explain any one of the following

(a) Nurses to the grave are gone, And the prams go rolling on.
Answer:
These lines have been taken from the poem ‘Now the Leaves are Falling Fast’. Written by W. H. Auden.
These lines dewlls upon the season that when this season come the leaves start to falling fast. It is also meant by a person who slowly goes to its death and at last in a grave like a tree every human life has to destroy. There is no one who can alive Every one is mortal.

(b) I think she was the most beautiful lady.
That ever was in the West Country.
Answer:
These lines have been composed by Walter de lamare. Here Poet says that it is dome of a dead body, where a death body keep. He wants to tell about a beautiful lady which in the Epitaph. She was the most beautiful lady that ever was in the best country but when she was dead her beauty vanishes beauty passes. Because when a body dead everything is cleared about herself.

(c) I think it did not hit him. But suddenly that part of him that was left behind Convulsed in undignified haste. Writhed like lightening, and was gone.
Answer:
These stanza has been taken from the poem “Sanke” is composed by the poet David Herbert Lawrence. When the speaker saw that snkae drinking water at the trough, firsly he doesn’t want to hit it but later when he feel that if he doesn’t hit, it will bite to him. For this thing he wanted to kill it. That’s why he hit it, which was against the sensibility of the speaker.

(d) However, rare-rare it be; and When I crumble, who will remeber This lady of the west country?
Answer:
These lines have been composed by Walter de lamare. When a body dead everything is cleared about herself. The poet loved her so much that when she was dead he was weeping biterly. When the poet listend about her beloved he crumbled will remember. He used to sit her epitaph where she laid down in her bed. So the poet wants to say that if a person loved someone so much never leave alone. Because he is just facing the problems.

Question 4.
Write a letter to your younger sister/brother, encouring her/him to take part in games and sports.
Answer:
Dear Hitesh

I hope that you are doing well in your studies. There is no doubt that studies are the most important part of a student’s life.

I have come to know that you do not play games. This is not good for a student. Health is wealth. Without good health you cannot think of higher studies.

Games are a necessary part of education.They make us healthy and strong. I therefore advise you to take part in games and sports.

Yours sincerely
Anmol

(OR)

Write an application to the Principal of your School/College to issue you the School/College leaving certificate.
Answer:
To,
The Principal,
S.D.+2 High School,
Nalanda

Subject: Request for School Leave Certificate Sir,
Respectfully, I beg to submit that my father has been transferred to Namaul. He is to join there next week. We are shifting there on Monday, the 16th instant. I, therefore, request you to issue my School-Leaving Certificate.
I have returned all the library books and paid all the dues.

Thanking you.
Yours obediently,
Asim Gupta
Roll No. 5

Question 5.
Answer in about 40-50 words, any five of the following (2 × 5 = 10)

(a) How did Nanukaka impress Sohanlal Ratiram?
Answer:
Nanukaka started describing about his VIP status in a very loud voice so that Sohanlal could hear. He firstly talked about hear. He firstly talked about foreign tours and his contacts with politicians and ministers. Then he come to talk shout Hazrat Barkat Ali, the ambassador in such a tone as if they were best friends and this impresses Shoanlal the most.

(b) Why did Zakir Hussain pledge himself to ?
Answer:
Dr. Zakir Hussain pledges himself to service of absolute timeless, values which have been realised. He pledge himself to the loyalty of our past culture, to the service of totality of country’s culture, to work fir its strength and progress and welfare fo its people.

(c) Why does Lomov think that his is a critical age?
Answer:
I have to start leading a steady and regular life. I love got a heart condition, with palpitations all time.

(d) Why did the speaker like the snake?
Answer:
The speaker liked the snake because it looks so innocent. It didn’t show any type of harm to a man. It just came there to drink water.

(e) Why is Macavity termed a ‘criminal’?
Answer:
Macavity is termed as a criminal because he can defeat the law of the master.

(f) In what series does the Sun conspire with autumn?
Answer:
The sun conspires with the autumn so slightly and as a friend. It’s ray makes the fruit fleshy and fat and also tasty.

(g) Why are the Indians quick learners of English?
Answer:
English is a globel language. So Indians are quick lernefs of English for their bright future.

(h) What is meant by the Great Vowel Shift?
Answer:
The Great Vowel Shift was a series of changes in the pronunciation of the English language that took place primarily between 1350 and the 1600s and 1700s, beginning in southern England and today having influenced effectively all dialectts of English.

Through this vowel shift, all Middle English long vowels changed their pronunciation. Some consonant sounds changed as well, particulary those that became silent; the term Great Vowel Shift is sometimes used to include these consonant changes.

English spelling was first becoming standardized in the 15th and 16th centuries and the Great Vowel Shift is responsible for the fact that English spellings now often considerably deviate in their representation of English pronunciations. (3) The Great Vowel Shift was first studied by Otto Jespersn (1860-1943), a Danish linguist and Anglicist, who coined the term

(I) What does the poet observe in summer in ‘Song of Myself?
Answer:
He observes a spear in summer.

(j) How did language play a role in human development?
Answer:
Yes, language played a role in human development. At what stage language began is not known, but we may be pretty certain that it began very gradually .Without it would have been very difficult to hands on from generation to generation the inventions and discoveries that were gradually made.

Question 6.
Answer any three in about 100-120 words

(a) Write the summary of any one o f the following poems :
(i) The soldier
(ii) Fire-Hymn
(iii) My Grand Mother’s House
Answer:
(i) The soldier:
“The soldier” is composed by the poet Rupert Booke who was the handsomest young man in England. The poet is saying that when he should die only think that there should be a comer of a field on the earth is hidden from dust. When the war started the dust starts to hid everything and was washed away by the rivers. When was started he wanted a flower which gave love without knowing the definite way where is to go. He always contact with English air of England. He was walking thinking about quarrel war.

He thought himself that nor a evil word came in his mind. A small vibration touched his mind as it lasting for ever. He wanted a peaceful country, it’s his dream and always see this type of sight that there are no wars between two countries. Everyone live a peaceful life. It seemed like a heaven in England to think over it.

(ii) Fire-Hymn:
The poem ‘Fire Hymn’ is highly composed by the poet Keki N. Daruwalla who is the reapient of Sahitya Akademi. His poetry in his own wards. In this poetry he tells is about a ghat which was burning. The ghat was totally burnt but to some extant it was half. Red, light showed their way. The sky seemed like a red ball. The sky is full of smoke which come out from the fire. Many animals were killed and some of then are half cooked. The somke swallour everything and at last leaves ah, which was grey colour,

The poet says that he will never forget this fire, today after twenty five years when he was bom. He say in a praise song that he stand forgiven. He swore that time to save it from the sin of forgiving. He did the things, I mean did mistake, so he was saying to forgive. The poet also show his half burnt fingers. This was the fire which destroy everything.

(iii) My Grand Mother’s House:
The poet of the poem “My Grandmother’s House” is a wonderful creation by “Kamala Das” has written about her grandmother’s house.She also used to live with her grandmother’s in that house, When she was young the house when she was so beautiful where she and her grandmother live a very happy life.

Everything is round that house is good. But when her grandmother died and the speaker lived in other places, the house became so bad condition. Everywhere round that house became pitable. Bushes grew around if when the speaker went there to see the house.

When she reached there she recieved earlier love. She saw her house damage. A strong feeling caught her mind. Everything was changed when she was there but still she was proudly because she reached there and recived loved which she begged at stranger’s door. In this poem, Kamala Das, the speaker told ther bio autography that how she lived when she was too young.

(b) Write the summary of any one :
(i) How Free is the Press
(ii) The Earth
(iii) Indian Through A traveller’s Eye
Answer:
(i) How Free is the Press:
That without a free press there can be no free people is things that al free people take for granted, we need not discuss it. Nor will we at this moment discuss the restrictions placed upon the press in time of war. At such Times all liberties have to be restricted, free people must see to it that when peace comes full freedom is restored in the meantime, it may Be wholesome to consider what that freedom is, and how far it is truly destraple.

It may trun out to be no freedom at all, or even a more freedom to tyrannies, for tyramnny is fact, the uncontrolled freedom of one man, or one gang, to impose its will on the world. When we speak of the freedom of the preass, we useally mens freedom in a very techincal and restricted sense- namely, Freedom from direction or cencership by the government. In this respect, the British press is under ordinary conditions.

Singulary free. lt can attack the policy and political charactor of minister interfere in the delicate machinery of foreign deplomacy,conduct campaigns to subject the constitution incite citizens to discontent and rebellion, expose scadals and foment grievance, and generally harry and behabour the servants of the state.

With alomost perfect liberty on occasion, it can become a weapon to coerce the government to conform to what it asserts to be the will of the people. So far, this is all to the good. Occasionally, this freedom may. Produce disastrous heistions and inconsistenceies in public policy, or tend to hemper the suift execution of emergency measures, but generally speaking it works to secure and sustain that central doctive o f Democracy as we understand it-that the state is not the master but the servant of the people. The press as a whole, and in technical and restrict sense, is thus pretty free in a peaceful Britain.

There is no shade of political opinnion that does not some how contrive to express itself. But if we go on to imagine that any particular organ of the press enjoys the larger liberty of being a forum of public opinic opinion, we are gravely mistaken. Every Newspaper is shacked to its own set of overloads and in its turn, like the ummerciful sarvant, exercise a power ful bondage upon its readers and one the public generally inded we may say that the heaviest restriction upon the freedom of public opinion is not the official censorship of the press but the unffcial cenforship by a press which exists not so much to express opinion as to manufacture it.

(ii) The Earth:
All that the Johnson had was the earth-very often it seemed as if it were all they had ever had.
It was true that they also had possessions-a plough, a two-wheeled cart, tools, a bony brown mare which slowly dragged the plough and the cart about their rough four- acre plot-but without the earth these things were useless. It was ture that they also had a son.

It was more than thirty years since the Johansons, realising that he was not quite like others, had taken Benjy to a doctor. This doctor had persuaded them that he needed interests that would stregthen his mind. It would be good if they gave him something to do, some occupation, which would help his development. It would help a great deal if they gave him a special interest to feed him sense of responsibility, you are people on the land, the doctor said, let him keep hens.

So for many years Benjy had kept hens, and what the earth was to him mother and father the hens were to Benjy they were almost all he had. When he came from school, cut off by his simplicity form other children, Benjy went straight home to his hens, which He kept in a wire coop that his father had made at the back of the house. At first he kept Ten or a dozen hens, all colours and breeds, brown and specked and black and white, and the coop was small. He fed the hens simply, on scraps from the table, seeded cabbages strung from the write, a -little maize, and on corn-ears which be gleand in the late summer from his father a ocre of stuble.

It is possible that a hen, being a simple creature thrives best on simple treatment. Benjy understood the First as last thi ng about a hen. That it exists for nor had it become highly complicated and commercialilized. Eggs were cheap, hens mysteriously pecked Nourishment off the bore earth. They sat in a home made Nesting-box, on straw, and Laid the eggs expected of then.

(iii) Indian Through A traveller’s Eye:
India had always been part of the background of my life, but I had never seen it whole and for myself until new. Yet the stories that our Indian family doctor and his wife told me when I was child had woven themselves into my growing dreams, and I had long read everything that I could find about that country-from my father I had learned of it through Budhhisam and the life history of the Lord Buddha. What did I go to India to see? Not the Taj Mahal, although I did see it and by moonlight, not Fatehpur Sikri, although I did see it, and not the glories of emprie in New Delhi, although I did see them. I want to India to see and listen to two groups of people, the young intellectuals in
the cities and the peasants in the villages.

These I met in little rooms in the city, in littile houses in the villages, and I heard their plans for freedom. Already the interllectuals believed that another world war was inevitable. They had been bitterly disappointed after the first world war by what they felt were the broken promises of England. The English, they declared, had no real purpose to restore India to the people. I could believe it fresh as I was from China. Where the period of people’s Tutelage seemed endless and self government further off every year.

‘When you are ready for independece, conquerors have always said to their subjects, etcetera ! But who is to decide when that moment comes and how can people learn to govern themselves except by doing it? So the intellectuals in india were Restless and embittered, and I sat though hours watching their plashing dark eyes and.

(c) Write a note on American English.
Answer:
English is the most widely spoken language in the United States and is the common language used by the federal government, to the extent that all laws and compulsory education are practiced in English. Although not an officially established language of the whole country. English is considered the defacto language and is given official status by 32 of the 50 state governments.

As an example, while both Spanish and English have equivalent status in the local courts of Puerto Rico, under federal law, English is the official language for any matters being referred to the United States district court for the territory.

The use of English in the United States is a result of English and British colonization of the Americas. The first wave of English-speaking settlers arrived in North America during the 17th century, followed by further migrations in the 18th and 19the centuries. Since then, American English has developed into new dialects, in some cases under the influence of West African and native American languages. German, Dutch, Irish, Spanish, and other languages of successive waves of immigrants to the United States.

(d) Write a note on the dialects of Middle English.
Answer:
The dialectal position of Middle English is basically a continuation of that of Old English. The most important extralinguistic fact for the development of the Middle English dialects is that the capital of the country was moved from Winchester (in the Old English period) to London by-William the Conqueror in his attempt to diminish the political influence of the native English.

NORTHERN This dialect is the continuation of the North umbrian variant of Old English. Note that by Middle English ti mes English had spread to (Lowland) Scotland and indeed led to a certain literary tradition developing there at the end of the Middle English period which has been continued up to the present time (with certain breaks, admittedly). Characteristice. Velar stops are retained (i.e. not palatalised) as can be seen in word pairs like rigg/ridge; kirk/church.

KENTISH This is the most direct continuation of an Old English dialect and has more or less the same geographical distribution. Characteristics. The two most notable features of Kentish are (1) the existence of / e:/ for Middle English /i:/ and (2) socalled “initial softening” which caused fricatives in word-initial position to be pronounced voiced as in vat, vane and vixen (female fox).

SOUTHERN West Saxon is the forerunner of this dialect of Middle English. Note that the area covered in the Middle English period is greater than in the Old English period as inroads were made into Celtic-speaking Cornwall. This area becomes linguistically uninteresting in the Middle English period. It shares some features of both Kentish and West Midland dialects.

WEST MIDLAND This is the most conservative of the dialect areas in the Middle English period and is fairly well-documented in literary works. It is the western half pf the Old English dialect area Mercia.

EAST MIDLAND This is the dialect out of which the later standard developed. To be precise the standard arose out of the London dialect of the late Middle English period. Note that the London dialect naturally developed into what is called Cockney today while the standard became less and less characteristic of a certain area and finally (after the 19th century) became the sociologist which is termed Received Pronunciation.
Characteristics. In general those of the late embryonic Middle English standard.

(E) Write a note on the Future of English
Answer:
Many people think that the teaching of English is playing havoc with our native regional languages. Even the protagonists of Hindi, our national language, are deadly opposed to it. They think that English is a foreign language and an average Indian can neither understand it. nor express himself in it. Moreover much energy of a child is bei ng wasted in the learning of English. So English should altogether be abolished from this land. Quite opposed to this camp are the phil-Anglians. They believe that English has been in use in India for the last about two centuries. As such, English is no longer a foreign language. Innumerbable words of English are being used in our language of daily use. Particularly in the South, the people prefer English to Hindi.

No doubt, English is a international language. Most of the research work in science and technology in the world is being done through the medium of English. English is the window for westen knowledge to India. A very poor country as India is, it is very difficult to translate all the latest knowledge into national and regional languages. Even if an effort is made in this respect, till the knowledge concerned is translated, the theroy has since changed meanwhile, That is why even countries like China and japan have started giving more attention to the study of English to get the latest knowledge.

It is also argued that our freedom fighters like M.K. Gandhi, JPL. Nehru, Cochlea etc. were greatly influenced by western political thought on freedom through a study of English philosophers, thinkers ans poets. English is said to be a great link between different Indian languages and a strong bond for national integration.

(F) Match the poets is list A with their works in List B

Answer:

(G) Translate any five of the following sentences in English

1. क्या तुम उसे पहचानते हो?
   
2. ये बच्चे रोज शतरंज खेलते हैं।
   
3. सुबह से बारिश हो रही है।
   
4. क्या तुम मुझसे नाराज हो?
   
5. यह उसकी कमीज है।
   
6. हमारी कक्षा में पचास लड़के हैं।
   
7. मैं फैसला कर चुका हूँ।
   
8. उसने मुझे पैसे देने से इन्कार कर दिया।

Answer:

1. Do you know him?
2. These children play chess daily.
3. It is rainy since morning.
4. Are you angry with me?
5. This shirt belongs to him.
6. There are fifty student in our class.
7. I have decided.
8. He refuse to give me money.

Question 7.
Answer either of following

Read the passage and answer the questions that follow :
Native American Indian groups in North American lived in different cultural regions, each of which developed its own customs and traditions. A custom is the specific way in which a group of people do something.This can include how foods are prepared, what clothing is worm, the kinds of celebrations and much more. The set customs developed and shared by a culture over time is a traditions.

1. What is a tradition ?
2. What is a custom?
3. How did the Native American Indian groups live in North American.
4. Make sentences with – Develop, Tradition.

Answer:

1. The set of customs developed and shared by culture over time is a tradition.
2. A custom is the specific way in which a group of people do something.
3. Native American Indian groups in North American lived in different cultural regions and each of developed its own custom and tradition.
4. Develop – He has developed a good skill. Tradition – Indian tradition is different from western tradition.

(OR)

Write a precis of the following passage and give a suitable title;
Education ought to teach us how to be love always and what to be in love with. The great things of history have been done by the great lovers, saints, men of science and artist, and the problem of civilization is to give every man a chance of being a saint, a man of science or an artist. But this problem cannot be solved unless men desire to be saints, men of science and artist. And if they are to desire that continuously, they must be taught what it means to be these things. .
Answer:
Title – Love
Education must teach us main objects to love. The great loves, scaints, men of science and artist is to give every one a chance of being saint, a man of science or an artist and must taught it.

Bihar Board 12th Intermediate Entrepreneurship Model Question Papers 2020-2021 Pdf with Answers

Bihar Board 12th Model Papers

Bihar Board 12th Entrepreneurship Model Question Papers in English Medium

• Bihar Board 12th Entrepreneurship Model Question Paper 1
• Bihar Board 12th Entrepreneurship Model Question Paper 2
• Bihar Board 12th Entrepreneurship Model Question Paper 3
• Bihar Board 12th Entrepreneurship Model Question Paper 4
• Bihar Board 12th Entrepreneurship Model Question Paper 5

Bihar Board 12th Entrepreneurship Model Question Papers in Hindi Medium

• Bihar Board 12th Entrepreneurship Model Question Paper 1
• Bihar Board 12th Entrepreneurship Model Question Paper 2
• Bihar Board 12th Entrepreneurship Model Question Paper 3
• Bihar Board 12th Entrepreneurship Model Question Paper 4
• Bihar Board 12th Entrepreneurship Model Question Paper 5

Bihar Board 12th Business Studies Model Question Paper 4 in English Medium

Time : 3 Hour 15 Min
Full Marks : 100

Instructions

1. Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
2. Figures in the right-hand margin indicate full marks.
3. 15 minutes of extra time has been allotted for the candidate to read the questions carefully.
4. This question paper has two sections : Section -A and Section-B.
5. In Section-A, there are 50 objective type questions which are compulsory, each carrying 1 mark. Darken the circle with black/blue ball pen against the correct option on OMR Sheet provided to you. Do not use Whitener/ Liquid/Blade/Nail on OMR Sheet, otherwise the result will be treated as invalid.
6. In Section-B, there are 25 Short answer type questions, out of which any 15 questions are to be answered. Each question carries 2 marks. Apart from this, there are 08 Long answer type questions, out-of which any 04 of them are to be answered. Each question carries 5 marks.
7. Use of any electronic device is prohibited.

Objective Type Questions

Question No. -1 to 50 have four options provided, out of which only one is correct. You have to mark, your selected option, on the OMR-Sheet. Each questiion carries 1 (one) mark. [50 x 1 = 50]

Question 1.
Primary element of success of management is _________
(a) Satisfied employee
(b) Large capital
(c) Big market
(d) Maximum production.
Answer:
(b) Large capital

Question 2.
The propounder of administrative management was _________
(a) Fayol
(b) Taylor
(c) Terry
(d) None of them.
Answer:
(a) Fayol

Question 3.
The father of scientific management was _________
(a) Gilbreth
(b) F.W. Taylor
(c) Robertson
(d) Charles Babbage.
Answer:
(b) F.W. Taylor

Question 4.
Main component (s) of New Economic Policy is/ are _________
(a) Liberalisation
(b) Globalisation
(c) Privatisation
(d) All of these.
Answer:
(d) All of these.

Question 5.
Co-ordination is
(a) voluntary
(b) necessary
(c) unnecessary
(d) wastage of time.
Answer:
(b) necessary

Question 6.
“A plan is a trap to capture the future.” This statement is of _________
(a) Newman
(b) Hurley
(c) Allen
(d) Terry
Answer:
(c) Allen

Question 7.
A good plan is
(a) Rigid
(b) Expensive
(c) Flexible
(d) Time consuming
Answer:
(c) Flexible

Question 8.
Which of the following depends on the sweet will of employees ?
(a) Formal organisation
(b) Informal oganisation
(c) Functional organisation
(d) Divisional organisation
Answer:
(b) Informal oganisation

Question 9.
Authority cannot be delegated of _________
(a) Routine work
(b) Secret work
(c) Ordinary work
(d) Easy work
Answer:
(c) Ordinary work

Question 10.
Responsibility is of _________
(a) Subordinates
(b) Officer
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) Both (a) and (b)

Question 11.
Money spent on staffing is _________
(a) necessary
(b) wastage
(c) investment
(d) none of these
Answer:
(c) investment

Question 12.
The manager is _________
(a) Boss
(b) Owner
(c) Leader
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) Leader

Question 13.
Controlling is the aspect of management.
(a) theoretical
(b) practical
(c) mental
(d) physical
Answer:
(b) practical

Question 14.
Control is the function of the management.
(a) first
(b) last
(c) third
(d) second
Answer:
(b) last

Question 15.
Fixed capital is needed for period.
(a) short
(b) long
(c) short & long both
(d) none
Answer:
(b) long

Question 16.
The future of Stock Exchange in India is
(a) bright
(b) in dark
(c) ordinary
(d) no future
Answer:
(a) bright

Question 17.
Money market deals in _________
(a) short-term funds
(b) medium-term funds
(c) long-term funds
(d) none of these
Answer:
(a) short-term funds

Question 18.
For Stock Exchange services of SEBI are _________
(a) voluntary
(b) necessary
(c) unnecessary
(d) compulsory
Answer:
(d) compulsory

Question 19.
Which one is not the consumer product amongst the following ?
(a) Raw materials
(b) Refrigerator
(c) Old statues
(d) Shoes
Answer:
(c) Old statues

Question 20.
Costliest means of advertising is _________
(a) Advertising
(b) Personal selling
(c) Sales promotion
(d) Public relation
Answer:
(b) Personal selling

Question 21.
Consumer rights under Consumer Protection Act are _________
(a) 6
(b) 7
(c) 8
(d) 9
Answer:
(a) 6

Question 22.
When was SEBI established ?
(a) 1978
(b) 1988
(c) 1989
(d) 1998
Answer:
(b) 1988

Question 23.
The disputes that come under Consumer Protection Act are _________
(a) disputes as to sale of shares by a company
(b) disputes of penal nature
(c) disputes as to sale of defective goods by the seller
(d) service disputes
Answer:
(c) disputes as to sale of defective goods by the seller

Question 24.
Which of the following is not a vcharacteristic of entrepreneurship ?
(a) Risk
(b) Innovation
(c) Creative activity
(d) Managerial training
Answer:
(d) Managerial training

Question 25.
In any organisastion motivation is _________
(a) essential
(b) unnecessary
(c) burden
(d) wastage of time and money
Answer:
(a) essential

Question 26.
Source of trade credit is _________
(a) long-term finance
(b) medium-term finance
(c) sort-term finance
(d) none of these
Answer:
(c) sort-term finance

Question 27.
Comprehensive plan for accomplishing an organisation’s objectives is known as _________
(a) Policy
(b) Programme
(c) Objective
(d) strategy
Answer:
(d) strategy

Question 28.
Barrier in effective communication is _________
(a) language
(b) distance
(c) individual differences
(d) all of these
Answer:
(a) language

Question 29.
Supervisor is the link between _________
(a) top & middle management
(b) workers & middle management
(c) workers & lower management
(d) workers & directors
Answer:
(c) workers & lower management

Question 30.
Main function of financial management is _________
(a) Procurement of funds
(b) Utilisation of funds
(c) Allocation of funds
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Procurement of funds

Question 31.
Liquidity is created by _________
(a) Organised market
(b) Unorganised market
(c) Primary market
(d) Secondary market
Answer:
(a) Organised market

Question 32.
Stock Exchange protects the interest of _________
(a) Investor
(b) Company
(c) Government
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Investor

Question 33.
The birth place of concept of marketing management is _________
(a) England
(b) America
(c) France
(d) Japan
Answer:
(b) America

Question 34.
National Commission can settle consumer disputes
(a) up to Rs. 5 lakh
(b) up to Rs. 10 lakh
(c) up to Rs. 20 lakh
(d) above Rs. 1 crore.
Answer:
(c) up to Rs. 20 lakh

Question 35.
Entrepreneurial development programme provides _________
(a) unemployment
(b) employment
(c) dishonesty
(d) corruption
Answer:
(c) dishonesty

Question 36.
Management is _________
(a) Art
(b) Science
(c) Both Art and Science
(d) none of these
Answer:
(c) Both Art and Science

Question 37.
The maximum duration of commercial paper is _________
(a) 3 months
(b) 6 months
(c) 12 months
(d) 24 months
Answer:
(c) 12 months

Question 38.
Entrepreneurial Development Institute of India is situated in _________
(a) Ahmedabad
(b) Mumbai
(c) New Delhi
(d) Chennai
Answer:
(a) Ahmedabad

Question 39.
The essence of management is _________
(a) Co-ordination
(b) Organisation
(c) Staffing
(d) Control
Answer:
(a) Co-ordination

Question 40.
The organisation which spreads rumours is called _________
(a) formal
(b) informal
(c) centralised
(d) decentralised
Answer:
(b) informal

Question 41.
Commercial bill is written _________
(a) by purchaser
(b) by seller
(c) by bank
(d) by the government
Answer:
(c) by bank

Question 42.
Main elements of direction are _________
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 6
Answer:
(c) 4

Question 43.
Delegation of can be done.
(a) Authority
(b) Responsibility
(c) Accountability
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Authority

Question 44.
Which of the following statements is inconsistent ?
(a) Management is purposeful
(b) It is an instinct process
(c) Management is universal
(d) Management is not separate from ownership
Answer:
(c) Management is universal

Question 45.
Component (s) of new economic policy is /are _________
(a) Liberalisation
(b) Globalisation
(c) Privatisation
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

Question 46.
depends on the wall of the employees.
(a) Formal organisation
(b) Informal organisation
(c) Functional organisation
(d) Divisional organisation
Answer:
(d) Divisional organisation

Question 47.
Method(s) of training is /are _________
(a) Conference
(b) Lectures
(c) prenticeship
(d) All of these
Answer:
(c) prenticeship

Question 48.
Motivational means should be determined on the basis of _________
(a) Group
(b) Individual
(c) Job
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

Question 49.
In a business enterprise controlling is required _________
(a) at the time of setting up of business
(b) continuously
(c) at the time of operation of business
(d) at the end of the year
Answer:
(b) continuously

Question 50.
Main function(s) of financial management is/are _________
(a) Financial planning
(b) Procurement of funds
(c) Allocation of net profits
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

Non-Objective Type Questions

Short Answer Type Questions

Question no. 1 to 25 are Short answer type questions. Answer any 15 out of them. Each question carries 2 marks. (15 x 3 = 30)

Question 1.
Controlling is forward looking. Explain.
Answer:
Controlling is looking forward because of remedial action is the essence of controlling. This will also include action to modify and improve upon the existing plans to prevent reference of the deviation noticed by the manager. Controlling helps in adoption of new plans and revision of existing plans on the basis of actual performance against standards.

Question 2.
Give the meaning of the term ‘deviation’ as used in the control function of management.
Answer:
Planning is provasive planning is required all levels of management as well as departments of the organisaiton. It is not exclusive function of top management nor of any particular departments.

Question 3.
What do you mean by capital structure ?
Answer:
Capital structure refers to the composition or make up or long-term sources of funds as : equity shares preference shares, debentures, retained earnings and long-term loans. Basically, there are two types of long-term funds :

1. Owner’s capital and
2. Borrowed capital

All these types of finance have to be in the right proportion in order to ensure an optimum capital structure.

Question 4.
What is money market ?
Answer:
Money market is that makret where seller and purchaser or buyer of money are available. Money buyers are those who takes loans to produce goods or services and money sellers are those who gives loan to industries.

Question 5.
Write two elements of marketing.
Answer:
Two elements of marketing :

1. To distribution of goods and services
2. To creation of utilities.

Question 6.
What do you mean by pricing of a product ?
Answer:
It is an important work of marketing management to determining the price of marketable goods. A producer or manufacturer determines the price after comprehensive study.

Question 7.
Advertising confuses the buyers. How ?
Answer:
Some traders or businessmen advertises with misrepresentation false statement and fraudulent advertisement because of this buyer get confused and tence wrong decision about trading and got cheated. They confused to what is to buy or not.

Question 8.
What is entrepreneurship ?
Answer:
Enterpreneurship is combination of a skill view point, thinking. Technique and work method.

Question 9.
Explain the role of Henry Fayol in management.
Answer:
Fayol developed a functional approach’ to management. Realising the universal nature of management problems he developed general principles of management and administration this ideas are contained in his monograph” General and industrial administration.” This book throws light on the following points :

1. Classification of Industrial Activities
2. Management qualities and training
3. General Principles of Management
4. Elements of Management.

Question 10.
Write the limitations of planning ?
Answer:
Following are the limitation of planning :

1. Forecasting may go wrong : Financial plans are prepared by taking into account the expected situation in the future. Since the future is not predictable and thing may not happen as these are for casted the utility of planning is limited.
2. Regidity : Once a plan is prepared, it becomes difficult to change it. A change in the circumstances may demand change in the financial plan but managers may not like so.
3. Problem of Co-ordination : Finance functions is the most important of all the functions.

Question 11.
Can accountability be delegated ?
Answer:
According to principle of absolute responsibility authority can be delegated but responsibility can not be delegated by a manager. The manager remains responsible or accountable to his own superior for the tasks which he may assign to his subordinates. Every superior is responsible, for the acts of his sub-ordinates to whom he delegates authority for any work.

Question 12.
What do you mean by staffing ?
Answer:
Staffing may be defined as’the managerial function of hiring and developing the required personnel to fill in various position in the organisation. It is concerned with employing the right type of people and developing their skill through training. It focuses on maintaining and improving the competence and performance of the personnel in the organisation.

Question 13.
Mention any three elements of Directing.
Answer:
Following are the three elements of directing :

1. Supervision : It implies instructing, observing, monitoring and guiding the sub-ordinates at work place to ensure that plans and procedures are implemented as intended.
2. Leadership : It involves ability to use non- coersive influence on the activities, goals and motivation of others for achieving organisational objectives.
3. Motivation : Motivation is a mental state. It is a driving force that people to action and continues them in action. Motivation is the set of forces that causes people to behave in certain ways.

Question 14.
What is meant by ‘Profit sharing’ ?
Answer:
Profit sharing : When a firm earned profit. It divided the profit amongest their partners on the basis of equal ratio or on the ratio as determined in the deed. It is called profit sharing

Question 15.
What are the different traditional techniques of controlling ?
Answer:
Following are the technique of controlling :

1. Break-even point: Break even point is an important tool which is used by managerial control. That level of sales or production where there is no loss or no profit is creled break even point.
2. pecial report and analysis : Generally special report and analysis is used to control special types of problems.
3. Budgetary control : Budgetary control is a composition between Predicted data and actual data.

Question 16.
Explain the importance of Financial planning.
Answer:
Importance of Financial Planning :

1. Co-ordination : This is done by laying down financial objectives, plans and programmed which are coherent with each other. The plan is communicated to all managers in different departments and ensures that finds are alloted to each department according to their requirements. All these factors help in achieving co – ordinations.
2. Financial control : Financial planning is the basis of financial control. It sets standards against which performance of the financial plan can be compared. The resulting deviations can be corrected and also prevented.

Question 17.
State any three characteristics of fixed capital.
Answer:
Following are the three features of fixed capital :

1. It remains for long period in business.
2. Fixed capital is used to purchase of fixed assets examples, e.g. land, building, machines etc.
3. The quantity of fixed capital is depend on the nature of business.

Question 18.
Define and explain the term ‘stock exchange’.
Answer:
Definition of stock-exchange : “Stock exchange means any body of individuals, whether incorporated or not contributed for the purpose of assisting, regulating or controlling the business of buying selling and dealing in securities.
“Stock-exchange are marketing places where securities that have been listed there on may be bought and sold for either investment or speculation.” – Pyle, Marketing Principles.

Question 19.
What is the concept of marketing mix ?
Answer:
Marketing mix refers to combination of four basic elements, viz., Product mix, Price, promotion and place known as four P’s marketing.

1. Product mix : Product mix refers to anything which is offered to the public for sales. It may be a physical object service or an idea.
2. Price mix : Goods are sold for a price consumer’s are very sensitive to price changes.
3. Promotion mix : Promotion includes all those activities which a business performs to persuade and motivate people to buy their product.
4. Place : Place mix refers to the activities that are involved in transferring ownership to customers and to make products available at the right time and please.

Question 20
What are the different types of labels ?
Answer:
The label is an information they wrapper or seal attached to a product or product’s package.
Types of label :

1. Brands label
2. Grade labels
3. Descriptive cu-informative labels.

Question 21.
What do you mean by controlling ?
Answer:
Controlling is the process through which managers assure that the actual activities conform to the planned activities.

Question 22.
Write any two advantages of budgetary control.
Answer:
Two advantages of Budgetary Control :

1. Budgets serve as a target.
2. Budgeting helps to express diverse action.

Question 23.
What is the concept of gross working capital ?
Answer:
Gross working capital means the investment in all current assets namely; cash, inventories, receivables and prepaid expenses taken together.

Question 24.
What are the two segments of capital market ?
Answer:
The two segment of capital market :

1. Organised Capital Market
2. Unorganised Capital Market

Question 25.
Name any three Non-Governmnet Organisations (NGO’s).
Answer:
Name of three Non-government Organisation :

1. Consumer Association, Kolkata
2. Karnataka Consumer Service Society, Bangluru.
3. VOICE, New Delhi.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question no. 26 to 33 are Long answer type questions. Answer any 4 of them. Each question carries 5 marks. (4×5 = 20)

Question 26.
Define the concept of management. Discuss its importance.
Answer:
The term ‘management’ has been used in different sense. Sometimes it is used in the sense of managing the ‘Group of management personnel’ in an organisaiton. At other times, management refers to the process of planning organisation, staffing, directing co-ordinating and controlling.

1. Definition of management : “To manage is to forcast and to plan to organise to command to co-ordinate and controll” – Henry Feyol.
2. “Management means the decision making.” – Rose Moore

Importance of management :

1. Maximum results with maximum resources : Management tries to secure the maximum results through the use of maximum efforts and resources.
2. Realisation of personel objectives : Some industrial concern are downed on account of skirikes and lockout. Such situation mainly arise when there is mismanagement on the part of managers.
3. Economic growth : Management is a vital force for boosting the economic growth of a country.
4. Protection of investors interests : Most of the organisaiton are run by employees-managers. They look after the interests of investors, shareholders, debenture holders etc.

Question 27.
Discuss the nature and purpose of organisation.
Answer:
Organisation is structural relationship by which an enterprise is bound together and the frame work in which individual effort is controlled.
Name of Organisaiton :

1. Formal relationship : Different type of relationship exists in formal organisation. These are senior subordinate, lateral and employee relationships.
2. Establishing co-ordination : Formal organisation structure establishes co-ordination among vairous departments and smothers the work of the entire organisation.
3. Delibrately designed structure : Formal organisation is delibrately designed by the top management. Therefore, everything done in it is official.
4. Focus on work : It lays emphasis on the accomplishment of work rather than on social relationship.

Purpose of Organisation :

1. Identification of activities and their division
2. Grouping the activities into departments.
3. Assigning duties
4. Establishing work-relationship.

Question 28.
What do you mean by recruitment ? Explain the external sources of recruitment.
Answer:
Meaning and definition of recruitment : Recruitment function is concerned with discovering the sources of. manpower required and tapping these sources.

1. “Recruitment is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them- to apply for jobs in the organisation.” – Flippo.
2. “It is the process of attracting poential employees to the company.”

External sources of recruitment:

1. Factory gate : For recruitment of semi-skilled and unskilled employee a notice is put at the factory gate specifying the requirements of various types of workers.
2. Waiting list : Very often organisations prepare and maintain a waiting list of employees from the application of those condidates who had applied but could not be selected.
3. Employees recommendation : A large number of organisation asks their present employees to recommend the name of suitable candidates as anol when a vacancy arises.
4. Private placement agencies : These are of recent origin. Now-a-days reputed private placement agencies such as Tata Consultancy Service are doing commendable job in this field.
5. Employment exchange : Employment exchanges have been set up by government in metropolitan and other big cities.
6. Media advertisement : By far advertisement in leading newspaper, magazines of external recruitment for skilled and specialised jobs.

Question 29.
What is the meant by the term ‘supervision’ in management ? Explain briefly the role of a supervisor.
Answer:
Supervision means overseeing the work of the subordinates. Every managers has to guide and control his sub-ordinates while they are performing the task assigned to them. We can therefore say that supervision refers to the direct and immediate guidance and control of sub-ordinates in the performance of their tasks. Terry and Franklin define supervision as, guiding and sources to accomplish stated work outputs.”

Role of Supervisor in brief :

1. Face-to-face contact
2. An important link
3. Creating congenial atmosphere
4. Giving guidance
5. Ensures quality,
6. Giving feedback
7. Keeping up the organisational commitments
8. Suggesting Taining Programmes.

Question 30.
What do you mean by Financial Planning? Discuss the importance of Financial Planning in financial management.
Answer:
Financial Planning : Financial Planning means deciding in advance how much to spend on what to spend, according to the finds at four disposal. According to Worker and Baughan, “Financial planning pertains only to the functions of finance and includes the determination of the firms financial objectives, formulating and promulagating financial policies and developing financial procedures.”

Element determining the financial planning or Important of Financial Planning :

1. Nature of Industry : The nature of industry of business plays decisive role in drafting of financial plan. A capital intensive industry like cement, paper or fertilizer requires more capital while a labor intensive enterprise requires less amount of capital.
2. Status of unit: This step includes the evolution of increment characteristics of the wait like age size, market area, scope and nature of the field then reputation of management etc.
3. Flexibility : Flexibility and not the rigidity should be the main principal to be followed in the financial planning.
4. Plans for the future growth : Firms expect to grow larger in size as they grow old. So while undertaking current financing decisions the factors of future growth should be suitable weighted.
5. Capital structure : The capital structure of the company must be of high grade securities. It should be diversified but balanced.

Question 31.
Explain briefly any five factors to be considered in determining working capital requirements of an enterprise.
Answer:
Following are the factors which are determining working capital :

1. Size of business : Larger size of the business enterprise greater would be the need for working capital. The size of a business may be measured in terms of scale of its business organisation.
2. Production cycle : Production cycles means the time span between the purchase of raw material and its conversion into finished goods. If the production cycle is small the need for working capital will also be small.
3. Production policy : The need for working capital is also determined by production policy. The demand for certain products is seasonal. Two types of production policies may be adopted for such products. Firstly, the goods may be produced in the months of demand and Secondly, the goods may be produced through the year.
4. Availability of credit from banks : If a firm can get easy bank credit facility in case of need, it will operate with less working capital.
5. Efficiency of management : Efficiency of management is also a significance factor to determine the level of working capital. Management can reduce the need for working capital by the efficient utilization of resources. If an accelerate tea pace of cash cycle and there by use the same amount working capital again very quickly.

Question 32.
Explain briefly the benefits of advertising to manufacturers and society.
Answer:
(a) Advantages to manufacturer :

1. Advertising creates demand for the producers of a company
2. It helps salesman to secure orders easily,
3. A good image of the firm is created
4. New products can be introduced easily through advertising.

(b) Advantages to society :

1. It provided direct employment to a large number of people engaged in designing, writing and insuring advertisement
2. It is an important source of income for newspapers, magazine, radio and television. It helps the press in reducing the cost of publications.

Question 49.
Explain any six rights of consumers.
Answer:
Following are the six rights of consumers.

1. Right to safety : Consumers have the right to protected against the marketing of goods and services which are hazardous to life and property.
2. Right to information : The consumer protection act lays down that every consumer has the right to be informed about the quality, quantity, potency, purity and standard of goods and services.
3. Right to choose : Every consumer has the right to choose the goods of his/her liking. Consumers have right to be assured, wherever possible access to a variety of goods and services at competitive prices.
4. Right to heard : In case a consumer has been exploited, he/she has the right to be heard and be assured that he/she interests would receive due consideration at appropriate forums.
5. Right to seek redressal : The consumers have the right to seek redress against unfair trade practices or unsecruplous exploitation.
6. Right to consumer education : Consumer can seek information about the existing acts and agencies set up for their protection.

Question 33.
What are the main functions of an entrepreneur ?
Answer:
Following are the function of entrepreneur :

1. Take risk
2. Power to devisionl,
3. Managerial ability
4. Function of renovation
5. Creation of capital
6. Per capital income
7. To increase the opportunities of employment
8. Development of area.

Bihar Board 12th Business Studies Model Question Paper 2 in English Medium

Time : 3 Hour 15 Min
Full Marks : 100

Instructions

1. Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
2. Figures in the right hand margin indicate full marks.
3. 15 minutes of extra time has been allotted for the candidate to read the questions carefull.
4. This question paper has two sections : Section -A and Section-B.
5. In Section-A, there are 50 objective type questions which are compulsory, each carrying 1 mark. Darken the circle with black/blue ball pen against the correct option on OMR Sheet provided to you. Do not use Whitener/ Liquid/Blade/Nail on OMR Sheet, otherwise the result will be treated as invalid.
6. In Section-B, there are 25 Short answer type questions, out of which any 15 questions are to be answered. Each question carries 2 marks. Apart from this, there are 08 Long answer type questions, out-of which any 04 of them are to be answered. Each question carries 5 marks.
7. Use of any electronic device is prohibited.

Objective Type Questions

Question No. -1 to 50 have four options provided, out of which only one is correct. You have to mark, your selected option, on the OMR-Sheet. Each questiion carries 1 (one) mark. [50 x 1 = 50]

Question 1.
Henri Fayol was a ___________
(a) Scientist
(b) Mining engineer
(c) Accountant
(d) Production engineer
Answer:
(b) Mining engineer

Question 2.
Of all managerial activities planning is the :
(a) Beginnings
(b) End
(c) Beginning & end both
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) Beginning & end both

Question 3.
Staffing is:
(a) part of organisation
(b) function of Management
(c) part of personnel Management
(d) all of the above
Answer:
(d) all of the above

Question 4.
How are the principles of Management formed ?
(a) In a laboratory
(b) By experiences of managers
(c) By experiences of customers
(d) By propagation of social scientists
Answer:
(b) By experiences of managers

Question 5.
The following is not an objective of
Management: .
(a) earning profits
(b) growth of the organisation
(c) providing employment
(d) policy making
Answer:
(c) providing employment

Question 6.
Controlling is the aspect of Management:
(a) theoretical
(b) practical
(c) mental
(d) physical
Answer:
(b) practical

Question 7.
Commercial bill is written :
(a) by purchaser
(b) by seller
(c) by bank
(d) by the government
Answer:
(c) by bank

Question 8.
Marketing concept is :
(a) Production-oriented
(b) Sales-oriented
(c) Customer-oriented
(d) All the three
Answer:
(b) Sales-oriented

Question 9.
Which of the following statements best describes the principle of ‘Division of Work’
(a) Work should be divided into small tasks.
(b) Labour should be divided
(c) Resources should be divided among jobs
(d) It leads to specialisation
Answer:
(a) Work should be divided into small tasks.

Question 10.
Management control is done :
(a) by lower level managers
(b) by middle level managers
(c) by top level managers
(d) by all level managers
Answer:
(d) by all level managers

Question 11.
Money market deals in :
(a) Short term funds
(b) Medium term funds
(c) Long term funds
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Short term funds

Question 12.
Treasury Bills are basically :
(a) An instrument to borrow short term funds
(b) An instrument to borrow long-term funds
(c) An instrument of capital market
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(a) An instrument to borrow short term funds

Question 13.
Policy formulation is the function of:
(a) top level managers
(b) middle level managers
(c) operational Management
(d) all of the above
Answer:
(a) top level managers

Question 14.
Consumer dispute settlement agencies are :
(a) District Forum
(b) State commission
(c) National commission
(d) All the above
Answer:
(d) All the above

Question 15.
There is no discipline in ___________ Organisation :
(a) formal
(b) divisional
(c) functional
(d) informal
Answer:
(d) informal

Question 16.
Goods may be purchased on the basis of:
(a) inspection
(b) pattern and sample
(c) description & brand
(d) all of the above
Answer:
(d) all of the above

Question 17.
The cheapest source of Finance is:
(a) debenture share
(b) equity share capital
(c) preference share
(d) retained earning
Answer:
(b) equity share capital

Question 18.
Supervisor is ___________ of the workers.
(a) friend
(b) guide
(c) philosopher
(d) all of these
Answer:
(b) guide

Question 19.
Budget refers to :
(a) Planned target of performance
(b) Use of handling future activities
(c) Systematic action and allocation of resources
(d) Statement of expected results expressed in numerical terms
Answer:
(d) Statement of expected results expressed in numerical terms

Question 20.
In which form of Management science is :
(a) Pure Science
(b) Soft Science
(c) Semi Science
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Soft Science

Question 21.
Recruitment in the life of Organisation is done :
(a) Once
(b) Twice
(c) Occasionally
(d) Continuosly
Answer:
(d) Continuosly

Question 22.
Marketing means:
(a) Transfer of ownership
(b) Formation of marketing policies
(c) Salesmanship and sales promotion
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(b) Formation of marketing policies

Question 23.
Which of the following is not a principle of Management given by Taylor ?
(a) Science, not rule of thumb
(b) Functional foremanship
(c) Co-operation, not individualism
(d) Harmony, not discord
Answer:
(b) Functional foremanship

Question 24.
Which of the following is not a controlling technique ?
(a) Break-even anaysis
(b) Cash flow statement
(c) Budget
(d) Managerial Audit
Answer:
(b) Cash flow statement

Question 25.
In India Entrepreneurial development programme is:
(a) Necessary
(b) Unnecessary
(c) Wastage of time
(d) wastage of money
Answer:
(a) Necessary

Question 26.
The disputes coming under Consumer Protection Act are:
(a) Dispute as to shares of company
(b) Dispute as to service
(c) Dispute as to sale of defective goods by the seller
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) Dispute as to sale of defective goods by the seller

Question 27.
Stock exchange protects the interest of:
(a) Investors
(b) Company
(c) Government
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Investors

Question 28.
Which of the following is not an element of promotion mix ?
(a) Advertisement
(b) Personal selling
(c) Sales Promotion
(d) Product Development
Answer:
(d) Product Development

Question 29.
Co-ordination is:
(a) Voluntary
(b) Necessary
(c) Unnecessary
(d) Wastage of time
Answer:
(b) Necessary

Question 30.
Principle of Management are :
(a) dynamic
(b) flexible .
(c) Universal
(d) all of above
Answer:
(d) all of above

Question 31.
___________ refers to those general statement which are decided for the guidance of the employees while taking decision.
(a) objectives
(b) strategy
(c) policies
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(b) strategy

Question 32.
In the process of delegation, accountability cannot be:
(a) shared
(b) delegated
(c) neither (a) & nor
(b) (d) both (a) and (b)
Answer:
(b) (d) both (a) and (b)

Question 33.
Management itself expands :
(a) Through delegation
(b) Through centralisation
(c) Through decentralisation
(d) Through all
Answer:
(a) Through delegation

Question 34.
Control is the ___________ function of the Management:
(a) first
(b) last
(c) third
(d) second
Answer:
(b) last

Question 35.
The leader takes work from his subordinates :
(a) by tact
(b) by rod
(c) by threatening
(d) none of these
Answer:
(a) by tact

Question 36.
The foremost need of development in a country is of:
(a) Physical Resources
(b) Economic Resources
(c) Human Resources
(d) Efficient Management
Answer:
(b) Economic Resources

Question 37.
A good plan is :
(a) Rigid
(b) Expensive
(c) flexible
(d) Time consuming
Answer:
(b) Expensive

Question 38.
Which of the following is not a staffing function :
(a) Planning
(b) recruitment
(c) selection
(d) training
Answer:
(a) Planning

Question 39.
Effective controlling is :
(a) static
(b) determined
(c) dynamic
(d) all the above
Answer:
(c) dynamic

Question 40.
Liquidity is created by :
(a) Organised market
(b) Unorganised market
(c) Primary Market
(d) Secondary Market
Answer:
(d) Secondary Market

Question 41.
Which of the following is not the tool of sales promotion ?
(a) Samples
(b) Prize in packet
(c) Coupons
(d) Publicity
Answer:
(c) Coupons

Question 42.
Modern approach of financial Management is :
(a) procurement of funds
(b) utilisation of funds
(c) (a) and (b) both
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) (a) and (b) both

Question 43.
The functions of Entreprener are :
(a) To imagine business idea
(b) To study project feasibility
(c) To set up enterprise
(d) All of above
Answer:
(c) To set up enterprise

Question 44.
Which of the following is function of packaging ?
(a) Protection
(b) convenience
(c) Identification
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d) All of the above

Question 45.
Planning is not the remedy of all business evils, because:
(a) planning is generally biased & time consuming
(b) planning is goal oriented
(c) planning enables us to face future uncertainties
(d) planning improves competitive strength
Answer:
(c) planning enables us to face future uncertainties

Question 46.
Which of the following is a determinant of Capital structure ?
(a) Cash Flow Statement
(b) Interest Coverage Ratio
(c) Debt Service Coverage Ratio
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(b) Interest Coverage Ratio

Question 47.
Which of the followiwng is not a characteristic of Entrepreneurship ?
(a) Risk taking
(b) Innovation
(c) Creative activity
(d) Managerial training
Answer:
(d) Managerial training

Question 48.
Grapevine Communication is :
(a) informal
(b) formal
(c) written
(d) none of these
Answer:
(a) informal

Question 49.
The foremost stock exchange in the world was established in:
(a) Delhi.
(b) London
(c) America
(d) Japan
Answer:
(b) London

Question 50.
State Commission can settle consumer disputes :
(a) up to 5 lakh Rs.
(b) up to 10 lakh Rs.
(c) up to 20 lakh Rs.
(d) Above 20 lakh Rs.
Answer:
(d) Above 20 lakh Rs.

Non-Objective Type Questions

Short Answer Type Questions

Question no. 1 to 25 are Short answer type questions. Answer any 15 out of them. Each question carries 2 marks. (15 x 3 = 30)

Question 1.
Does mere planning ensure success ?
Answer:
Does mere planning ensure success ? yes planning ensure success merely if following features are consiist in planning.

1. Planning must be simple and understandable.
2. planning must be according to the employee.
3. Planning must be felxible
4. Planning must be consist element of selection.
5. Draft separate planning for excution of planning.

Question 2.
What is meant by lay-off ?
Answer:
A lay off is the temporary suspension of employment of an employee or more commonly, a group of employees for business reasons. Such as personnel management or down sizing an organisation.

Question 3.
What is meant by investment decision ?
Answer:
A determination made by direction and management as to how, when, where and how much capital will be spent on investment opportunities, is called investment decesion.

Question 4.
Why NSEI is known as Model Exchange ?
Answer:
National stock exchange is the first stock exchange in India. The security transaction in stock exchange of India is very transmitted and simple so it is called model exchange.

Question 5.
The word communication has been derived from Latin word ‘Communist.’ What does it mean ?
Answer:
The word communication is derived from the latin word communist meaning “common”.

Question 6.
“Management is a soft science.” How ?
Answer:
Management is a soft science because management have principles like science as they can applied anytime, any where but it is not exact science because principle are applied according to situations.

Question 7.
What is meant by Authority ?
Answer:
Authority is refers to the power to take decisions.

Question 8.
Why is it said that ‘Controlling is blind without planning ?
Answer:
Under the system of controlling actual work performance is compared with the standards. Hence, if the standards are not determined there is no justification left for control, and the standards are determined under planning. It is therefore, said that control is blind without planning or it is with out any base.

Question 9.
What is meant by Channels of Distribution ?
Answer:
A distribution channel refers to the path or route through which goods and services traval to get from the place of production or manufacture to the final users. It has at its center transportation and logistical considerations.

Question 10.
Why it is said that principles of Management are universal ?
Answer:
Management is an universal phenomenon in the same that it is common and essential element in all enterprises. Every group effort requires setting objectives, making plans, handling people, co – ordinating and controlling activities achieving goass and, evaluating performance directed towards organisational goals.

Question 11.
What is meant by the ‘Right to Choose’ to a consumer ?
Answer:
Following are the six rights of consumers.

1. Right to safety : Consumers have the right to protected against the marketing of goods and services which are hazardous to life and property.
2. Right to information : The consumer protection act lays down that every consumer has the right to be informed about the quality, quantity, potency, purity and standard of goods and services. ,
3. Right to choose : Every consumer has the right to choose the goods of his/her liking. Consumers have right to be assured, wherever possible access to a variety of goods and services at competitive prices.
4. Right to heared : In case a consumer has been exploited, he/she has the right to be heared and be assured that he/she interests would receive due consideration at appropriate forums.
5. Right to seek redressal : The consumers have the right to seek redressal against unfair trade practices or unsecruplous exploitation.
6. Right to consumer education : Consumer can seek information about the existing acts and agencies set up for their protection.

Question 12.
What is meant by ‘Leadership’ ?
Answer:
Leadership may be defined as the ability to exert interpersonal influence by means of communication towards the achievement of a goal.

Question 13.
State any two difference between Advertising and Personal Selling.
Answer:
Advertising :

1. one-way communication.
2. Pull strategy.
3. Mass Media.

Personal Selling :

1. Two-way communication.
2. Push-strategy
3. Sales personnel.

Question 14.
What is meant by-On-the job training ?
Answer:
On the job training : The training of operations is largely undertaken through on the job methods on the other hand managers are trained by taking new courses under both on the job and off the job method.

Question 15.
State two points of importance of Supervision.
Answer:
Following are the two importance of supervision.

1. Optimum utilization of Resoures : Supervision develops work skills which help in optimum utilization of resources.
2. Controlling performance : Supervision insures performance of work as per the targets. Supervisor assumes responsibility for the accomplish ment of task. Undertaken and motivates his fellow workers.

Question 16.
What are the two components of Capital market ?
Answer:
Following are the two componants of capital market.

1. Organised capital market.
2. Unorganised capital market

Question 17.
What is Budgetary control ?
Answer:
Budgetary control refers to how well managers utilize budgets to monitor and control costs and operations in given accounting period. In other words, budgetary control is a process for managers to set financial and performance goals with budgets, compare the actual results, and adjust performance, as it is needed.

Question 18.
State any two features of Scientific Management.
Answer:
Following are the two features of scientific management.

1. Systematic Approach.
2. Brings complete mental change.

Question 19.
What do you mean by Entrepreneurship ?
Answer:
Enterpreneurship is an innovative function. It is a leadership rather than an ownership.

Question 20.
How “scale of operations” affect the requirement of fixed Capital ?
Answer:
The companies which are operating at large scale require mare fixed capital as they need more machineries and other assets where as small scale enterprise need less amount of fixed capital.

Question 21.
“Sales promotion makes advertising effective.” How ?
Answer:
Once the samples of a particular product reach to the consumers through sales promotion the advertisement of the same product gets more effective.

Question 22.
Give two advantages of functional Organisation.
Answer:
Following are the advantages of functional organisation.

1. Benefits of specification.
2. Co-ordination is established.

Question 23.
Give a definition of management.
Answer:
According to George R. Terry and Stephen G. Franklin, “Management is a distinct process, consisting of activities of planning, organizing, actuating and controlling performed to determine and accomplish stated objectives with the use of human beings and other resources.”

Question 24.
Differentiate between time study and motion study.
Answer:
The main points of differences between Time study and Motion study are as follow-

1. Motion study involves the study of motions on operation while the time study notes the time involved in carrying out of each element of operations
2. The main aim of motion study is to reduce wastage of time and material scraping the unnecessary movements whereas the time study aims at fixing the standard time of carrying out a job/work
3. Time study is not suitable for workers where quality is prime consideration. Motion study is suitable for all types of jobs/work.

Question 25.
What is functional organisation ? What are its characteristics ?
Answer:
Functional organisation is developed on the basis of important of functions of the organisation.
Following are the features/Advantages of functional organisations :

1. System in place of haphazardness
2. Effective and easy supervision
3. Better cordination
4. Economical
5. Human development

Long Answer Type Questions

Question no. 26 to 33 are Long answer type questions. Answer any 4 of them. Each question carries 5 marks. (4×5 = 20)

Question 26.
“Training is beneficial both for the Organisation as well as for the employees”. Explain any two benefits of training towards the Organisation and any two towards the employees.
Answer:
Benefits of training : Training is necessary activity all organisation. It plays a large part in determining the efficiency of the organisation. Some of the major benefits of training and development are enumerated below :
(a) Benefits to the organisation :

1. Increases productivity : It helps to improve employee’s knowledge and skills, which in turn increases the quality and quantity of production. Higher productivity means higher profitability for the organisation.
2. Reduced supervision : Training gives employees greater confidence. Trained employees need less supervision. They require freedom to handle their jobs without close supervsion. With reduced supervision, a manager can widen his span of control and spend greater time on more non-routine issues of the department. Properly trained employees are more self- reliant because they are more confident about what do and how to do it. The employees need not learn by trial and error method.

(b) Benefits to the Employees :

1. Acqueisition of new skills : A trained employees acquires new attitude and skills, which enhance his market value. The acquisition of new knowledge increase his prospects within and outside the organisation for higher jobs.
2. Higher Earnings: Trained employees can perform better and thereby earn more.
3. Safety: Trained employees are less prove to accidents as they handle the machines carefully.
4. Self-confidence : Training enables the employee to approach and performs his job with enthusiasm.
5. Promotion : Through training, employees can develop himself and earn quick promotion.
6. Adoptability : Trained employees adopt to changes in work procedures and methods easily.

Question 27.
Every manager has to take three major decisions while performing the final function. Explain.
Answer:
The three main financial decisions which are generally taken by a finance manager are as under:

1. Investment Decision : It refers to the selection of assets in which funds will be invested by the business. Assets which are obtained by the business are of two types, i.e. Long term assets and short-term assets. On this basis, investment decision is also divided into two parts :
   • Long-term Investment decision
   • Short-term Investment decision.
2. Financial Decision: It refers to the determination as to how the total funds required by the sources. Long-term financial sources chiefly include equity share capital, preference share capital, retained earnings, debentures Long-term Loan etc. For taking financial decision, an analysis of the cost and benefits of all the sources is made.
3. Dividend Decision : It refers to the determination of how much part of the earning should be distributed among shareholders by the way of dividend and how much should be retained for meeting future needs as retained earnings.

Question 28.
Explain briefly the factors determining the amount of fixed Capital.
Answer:
Factors affecting the requirement/need of fixed capital:-

1. Nature of Business It has been observed that trading concerns require less fixed capital in comparison to manufacturing enterprises. The reason is that manufacturing enterprises require more machines and tools , where as these may not be required by trading concerns.
2. Size of Business Size of business also determines the amount of fixed capital larger the size of the business, the heavier would be the requirement for fixed capital.
3. System of production Production can take place manually or mechanically. Mechanization requires more amount of fixed capital as compared to manual processes.
4. Owner ship of fixed capital If an enterprises wishes to have its own fixed assets, it will have to arrange a lot of money to buy them, on the other hand, if an enterprises, decline to have the fixed assets on hire, will not be required to arrange for heavy amount of fixed capital.
5. System of marketing An enterprises, doing direct marketing with out the intervention of whole sealers and retailers has to invest heavily on own retail outlets and on suitable supply of vehicles. Therefore, its need will be much more than those that depend on intermediaries for marketing purposes.
6. Range of production An enterprises producing all the parts of a product requires more amount of fixed capital than the one which produces vital parts and gets other parts produced from outside.

Question 29.
How functional structure differs from a divisional structure ?
Answer:
Function Structure :

1. Formation is based on functions.
2. Functional specialization.
3. Difficult to fix on a department
4. Difficult, as each functional manager has to report to the top management.
5. Functions are not duplicated hence economical.
6. Difficult for a multiproduct company.

Divisional structure :

1. Formation is based on product lines and is supported by functions.
2. Product specialization.
3. Easy to fix responsibility for performance.
4. Easier, autonomy as well as the change to perform multiple functions help in managerial development.
5. Duplication of resources in various departments hence costly.
6. Easy, because all functions related to a particular product are integrated in on department.

Question 30.
State the factors affecting the requirements of fixed capital.
Answer:
The factors affecting the requirements of fixed capital are as follows :

1. Nature of business : Some types of business need more capital and some less.Manufacturing industries need more fixed capital than trading concerns.
2. Size of business unit : Fixed capital or requirements depend on the size of business.If the size is big.it will need more fixed capital.For smaller organisation the need will be less.
3. Nature of goods manufactured : The amount of fixed capital also depends on articles to be manufactured. For manufacturing industrial goods or machines the need for capital will be more than the industries engaged in manufacture of consumer goods.
4. Amount of preliminary expenses : If the promoters have to spend more on preliminary expenses like commission on sale of shares or debentures or as underwriting commission etc.there will be more need of fixed capital.
5. Method of production and technology used : If the enterprise uses modern technology like fully automatic plant for production or uses imported , machinery ,the fixed capital needs will be high.
6. Mode of purchase of fixed assets : Fixed capital requirements will be more if fixed assets are purchased in cash and less if purchased on credit or on hire purchase or on installment payment system.

Question 31.
What is meant by ‘Monetary Incentives’ ? State any three types of monetary incentives which contribute to the performance of employees.
Answer:
Financial Motivation : Financial motivation are those which are accociated with money. They include wages and salaries, fringes benefits, bonus, retirement benefits, etc. However, such incentives may not always prove to be motivating. In many cases, management may have to increase the financial incentives to keep the workers with the organisation. This can be appreciated from the practice of making wages and salaires competitive between various enterprises so as to attract and maintain good work force.

Money is a real motivating factor when the physiological and security needs of the workers have not been fully satisfied. Money plays a significant role in satisfying these needs. Therefore, management can use financial incentives for motivation. Money also helps in satisfying the social needs of employees to some extent because money is often recognised as a symbol of status, respect and power.

Besides money is an important means of achieving a ‘minimum standard of living althought this ‘minimum’ has the tendency to go up as people become more affluent. But this should not lead one to conclude that money will always be a motivating factor to all people. To some people, importance of money may be reduced after a certain stage and non-financial rewards may become more important. They are motivated by money only up to the stage they are struggling for satisfying their physiological and security needs.

Money provides for the satisfaction of physiological and safety needs only, which have been called hygienic factors by Herzberg. Hygienic include wages and salaries and other fringe benefits. The presence of these factors at a satisfactory level prevents job dissatisfaction. They do not provide ‘on-the-job satisfaction’ to the employees and therefore, can not be considered as motivational factors. According to Herzberg, in order to motivate the employees, it is necessary to provide for the satisfaction of their ego, social and self-actualisation needs.

But these needs are present, generally, in employees in the higher positions, who get higher monetary rewards and are not motivated by increased monetary benefits. In case of employees at the operative levels, money certainly plays a significant role in motivating them because their survival and safety depends on it.

Following are included in financial incentives :

1. Salaries and wages
2. Bonus (out of firm’s Profit)
3. Premium (share in economics due to increase in production).

Question 32.
Which qualities of a good leader will you like to have as a Manager ?
Answer:
The qualities of good leader are as follows :

1. Physical features : Physical features like height, weight health, appearance determine the physical personality of an individual health and endurance help a leader to work hard which inspires others to work with same tempo.
2. Knowledge : A good leader should have required knowledge and competence. Only such person can instruct subordinates correctly and influence them.
3. Integrity : A leader should posses high level of integrity and honesty. He should be a role model to others regarding the ethics and values.
4. Initiative : A leader should have courage and initiative. He should not wait, for opportunities come to his way, rather he should grab the opportunity and use it to the advantage of organisation.
5. Communication skills : A leader should be a good communicator. He should have the capacity to clearly explain his ideas and make the people to understand his ideas.
6. Motivation skills : A leader should be an effective motivator. He should understand the needs of people and motivate them through satisfying their needs.
7. Self confidence : A leader should have high level of self confidence. He should not loose his confidence even in most difficult times.
8. Decisiveness : Leader should be decisive in managing the work. Once he is convinced about a fact, he should be firm and should not change opinions frequently.
9. Social skills : A leader should be sociable and friendly with his colleagues and followers. He should understand people and maintain good human relations with them.

Question 33.
What is planning ? Which steps are taken by management in the process of planning ?
Answer:
Meaning of Planning – Planning is the selection of the best course of action out of the available alternatives and deciding to achieve the objective through the best course so chosen.

Definition – According to Alfred and Beatty, “Planning is the thinking process, the organised foresight, the vision based on facts and experience that is required for intelligence action.”

Following steps are taken by management in planning :

1. Setting objectives – The first step in planning exercises is setting the objectives, providing the rationale for undertaking various activities as well as indicating the direction of efforts. Moreover, objectives point to the end-result of planning activity. The objectives provide guidelines for many vital decisions relating to resources allocation, schedule of work, nature of actions, etc.

2. Establishing the planning premises – Once goals have been set, the second step involves establishing the planning premises or assumptions. It consists of forecasting future conditions and events which are likely to have bearing on the pursuit of goals like market demand for goods, cost of raw materials, state of technology, intensity of competition, government policies,interest rates, tax rates, etc.

3. Identifying alternative courses of action – When the forecasts are available and premises are established, a number of alternative courses of action have to be considered.

4. Evaluating alternative course – Planning requires that each alternative should be evaluated taking into account the relevant facts and the pros and cons of each alternative. The merits and demerits as well as consequences of each alternative course of action must be examined before a choice is made.

5. Selecting an alternative – After evaluation of various available alternative courses, the time comes for selecting the best plan and to implement it practically. The plan will be justified best in terms of feasibility, profitability and with least adverse outcomes. Sometimes a firm may also go for combination of plans instead of selecting one best course.

6. Formulation of derivative plans – Having decided upon the course of action, it is necessary that detailed plans and programmers should be drawn up including specific plans for different type of activities.These are known as derivative plans.

7. Implement of plan/Securing co-operation – Planning is essentially goal-oriented. Hence,the plans formulated must be implemented effectively. For this purpose, co-operation of all the members of the organisation is required. Accordingly, plans must be of what is proposed to be done and why. Many a time useful suggestions and ideas are received when plans are communicated to the concerned workers. Employees are motivated to execute the plan to the best of their ability.

8. Follow up – As planning is a continuous process, existing plans are received at intervals to ensure their relevance and effectiveness. As the plans are implemented, certain facts often come to light which were not even thought of earlier.

Bihar Board 12th Business Studies Model Question Paper 1 in English Medium

Time : 3 Hour 15 Min
Full Marks : 100

Instructions

1. Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
2. Figures in the right hand margin indicate full marks.
3. 15 minutes of extra time has been allotted for the candidate to read the questions carefull.
4. This question paper has two sections : Section -A and Section-B.
5. In Section-A, there are 50 objective type questions which are compulsory, each carrying 1 mark. Darken the circle with black/blue ball pen against the correct option on OMR Sheet provided to you. Do not use Whitener/ Liquid/Blade/Nail on OMR Sheet, otherwise the result will be treated as invalid.
6. In Section-B, there are 25 Short answer type questions, out of which any 15 questions are to be answered. Each question carries 2 marks. Apart from this, there are 08 Long answer type questions, out-of which any 04 of them are to be answered. Each question carries 5 marks.
7. Use of any electronic device is prohibited.

Objective Type Questions

Question No. 1 to 50 have four options provided, out of which only one is correct. You have to mark, your selected option, on the OMR-Sheet. Each question carries 1 (one) mark. [50 x 1 = 50]

Question 1.
The essence of management is :-
(a) Co-ordination
(b) Organisation
(c) Staffing
(d) All of these
Answer:
(a) Co-ordination

Question 2.
New Economic Ploicy is :-
(a) Liberalisation
(b) Privatisation
(c) Globalisation
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

Question 3.
The organization steps are :-
(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 6
(d) 8
Answer:
(b) 4

Question 4.
Training is a process
(a) Current
(b) Regular
(c) Continuous
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

Question 5.
Controlling is necessary in :-
(a) Small enterprise
(b) Medium Enterprise
(c) Large Enterprise
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d) All of the above

Question 6.
Characteristics of a sound financial planning are: –
(a) Simplicity
(b) Liquidity
(c) Economy
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

Question 7.
First Function of financial management is :-
(a) Procurement of fund
(b) Financial forecasting
(c) Financial Control
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Procurement of fund

Question 8.
Co-ordination is :-
(a) Voluntary
(b) Necessary
(c) Unecessary
(d) Wastage of time
Answer:
(b) Necessary

Question 9.
By Scientific Management profits are :-
(a) Increased
(b) Decreased
(c) Not affected
(d) Revival
Answer:
(a) Increased

Question 10.
Economic Environment ofbusiness is influenced by :
(a) Economic policy
(b) Economic system
(c) Economic development
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

Question 11.
Staffing is the responsibility of.
(a) Lower management
(b) Middle management
(c) Top management
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

Question 12.
According to George R. Terry, The type of planning are :-
(a) 08
(b) 06
(c) 04
(d) 02
Answer:
(d) 02

Question 13.
An organization is not helpful lor :-
(a) Co-ordination
(b) Contributes to morale
(c) Increase in corruption
(d) Incentive to growth
Answer:
(c) Increase in corruption

Question 14.
Employees Training is :-
(a) Necessary
(b) Unnecessary
(c) Compulsory
(d) Wastage of Money
Answer:
(c) Compulsory

Question 15.
Direction is related to employees :-
(a) Top level
(b) Middle level
(c) Lower level
(d) All level of above
Answer:
(d) All level of above

Question 16.
Organising process involves :-
(a) Grouping of indentical work
(b) Division of a work
(c) Assigning work to appropriate persons
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

Question 17.
Fixed-capital is required for :-
(a) Payment of routine expenses
(b) Purchase of land
(c) Depositing in bank
(d) Payment to creditors
Answer:
(b) Purchase of land

Question 18.
SEBI is controller of :-
(a) Production
(b) Insider trading
(c) Capital marketing
(d) Government
Answer:
(c) Capital marketing

Question 19.
Entrepreneurship is an effort to create :-
(a) Risk
(b) Profit
(c) Jobs
(d) Business
Answer:
(c) Jobs

Question 20.
Working non-government organization in India is :-
(a) VOICE
(b) Common Cause
(c) A and B both
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) A and B both

Question 21.
The Advantage of marketing is to :-
(a) Consumers
(b) Businessmen
(c) Manufacturers
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

Question 22.
Onwner’s Fund does not indued :-
(a) Share Capital
(b) Bank Loan
(c) Reserve Fund
(d) Share Premium
Answer:
(b) Bank Loan

Question 23.
Labelling is :-
(a) Compulsory
(b) Necessary
(c) Voluntary
(d) Wastage of Money
Answer:
(a) Compulsory

Question 24.
Consumer rights under Consumer Protection Act. are :-
(a) 08
(b) 07
(c) 06
(d) 10
Answer:
(a) 08

Question 25.
Social and economic development of a nation is the result of :-
(a) Entrepreneur
(b) Planning
(c) Operation
(d) Government
Answer:
(a) Entrepreneur

Question 26.
Advertising is done for :-
(a) Development of business
(b) Financial management
(c) Sales promotion
(d) Public relations
Answer:
(c) Sales promotion

Question 27.
Maximum period of treasury bill is :-
(a) One year
(b) Two years
(c) Five years
(d) Ten years
Answer:
(a) One year

Question 28.
Supervision is :-
(a) Necessary
(b) Unnecessary
(c) Wastage of time
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Necessary

Question 29.
Controlling is the function of
(a) Supervisor
(b) Sales man
(c) Mariager
(d) Employee
Answer:
(a) Supervisor

Question 30.
Steps Involved in selection process :-
(a) 07
(b) 09
(c) 06
(d) 10
Answer:
(a) 07

Question 31.
Depends on the sweet will of employees :-
(a) Divisional organisation
(b) Formal organisation
(c) Functional organisation
(d) Informal organization
Answer:
(d) Informal organization

Question 32.
Planning is not :-
(a) Mental exercise
(b) Forward looking
(c) Wastage of time
(d) Choosing process
Answer:
(d) Choosing process

Question 33.
The need in development of a country is :-
(a) Physical resources
(b) Economic resources
(c) Efficient management
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

Question 34
14 principles of management is propounded by :
(a) Henary Feyol
(b) F. W. Taylor
(c) Peter Drucker
(d) A. H. Maslo
Answer:
(a) Henary Feyol

Question 35.
Liberalisation policy in India has been :-
(a) Successful
(b) Unsuccessful
(c) Normal
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Successful

Question 36.
Planning is helpful to :-
(a) Achieving objectives
(b) In co-ordination
(c) Effective controlling
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

Question 37.
Wages given to workers in Traditional Management are :-
(a) Low
(b) High
(c) Normal
(d) Maximum
Answer:
(d) Maximum

Question 38.
Which of the following is not features of organization : –
(a) Group of Individuals
(b) Group of Machine
(c) A Structure
(d) A process
Answer:
(b) Group of Machine

Question 39.
Objective of employee’s development is :-
(a) Increase in knowledge
(b) Better performance
(c) opportunity of promotions
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

Question 40.
Which of the following is not external sources of recruitment: –
(a) Transfer of employees
(b) Direct recruitment
(c) Campus recuitment
(d) Contractual recruitment
Answer:
(a) Transfer of employees

Question 41.
Type of communication are :-
(a) Written
(b) verbal
(c) Formal
(d) All of these
Answer:
(c) Formal

Question 42.
The leader possess :-
(a) Intelligence
(b) Foresightness
(c) Self-confidence
(d) Ail of these
Answer:
(d) Ail of these

Question 43.
In- effective communication language should not be :-
(a) Express
(b) Impressive
(c) Ambiguous
(d) Courtesy
Answer:
(d) Courtesy

Question 44.
Control is by employees.
(a) Opposed
(b) Supported
(c) Liked
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Opposed

Question 45.
The sources of working capital are :-
(a) Debtors
(b) Bank overdraft
(c) Cash sales
(d) All of these
Answer:
(a) Debtors

Question 46.
Capital market deals in
(a) Short term funds
(b) Medium term funds
(c) Long term funds
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) Long term funds

Question 47.
Financial manager takes decision as to
(a) Finance
(b) Investment
(c) Dividend
(d) All of above
Answer:
(d) All of above

Question 48.
Consumer Protection Act was passed
(a) In 1886
(b) In 1986
(c) In 1996
(d) In 1997
Answer:
(b) In 1986

Question 49.
In India, entrepreneurial development programmer has been
(a) Successful
(b) Unsuccessful
(c) Need of improvement
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) Need of improvement

Question 50.
Importance of Marketing concept is for
(a) Society
(b) Consumers
(c) Producers
(d) All of above
Answer:
(d) All of above

Non-Objective Type Questions

Short Answer Type Questions

Question no. 1 to 25 are Short answer type questions. Answer any 15 out of them. Each question carries 2 marks. (15 x 3 = 30)

Question 1.
Write the name of the level of manage-ment.
Answer:
Following are the level of management :

1. Top Level Management
2. Middle Level Management
3. Lower Level Management.

Question 2.
Write any three points of the nautre of principles of management.
Answer:
Management of Principles : These are the statement of fundamental truth based on creation and systematic analysis which provides guidlines for managerial decision making and action.
Nature and charecteristics of management Principles are the same which are following :

1. Flexibility
2. Univarsal application
3. lack of humanimity
4. Beharourial.

Question 3.
Write the name of any four factors of business environment.
Answer:
Principles of Management :

1. Division of work : This means assigning the work to a person for which he is best suited. This principle is equally applicable to all hands of work managerial as well as technical.
2. Unity of command : This means that sub-ordinates should be receive orders from one senior only. A sub-ordinate receiving orders from two or more bosses can satisfy none.
3. Dicipline : Disciplines mean the observance of rules and regulations this principle emphasises the obedience on the part of the sub-ordinates.

Question 4.
Write name of any four merits of scientific management.
Answer:
Following are the merit of scientific management :

1. Reduction in the cost of production.
2. Better quality products.
3. Benefits of division of labour.
4. Avoidance of disputes between labour and management.

Question 5.
State any two types of planning on the basis of level of management.
Answer:
Types of planning on the basis of level of management are discussed below :

1. Operational plan
2. Tactical plan.
3. Strategical plan

Question 6.
State any four points of importance of organization.
Answer:
Importance of organisation are discussed below :

1. Makes the management simple and efficient.
2. Encourage specilization.
3. Improves constructive tainking.
4. Increase productivity.

Question 7.
Write the name of any five advantage of organization in business.
Answer:
Advantages of organisation are following :

1. Specilization
2. Role clarity
3. Clarifies authority and responsibility.
4. Avoiding duplication of work.
5. Co-ordination.

Question 8.
State any three qualities of a good leader.
Answer:
Qualities of a good leader are mention below:

1. Physical features
2. Knowledge
3. Integrity
4. Communication skills.
5. Motivation skills.
6. Initiative
7. Self confidence
8. Decisiveness
9. Social skills.

Question 9.
State name of any two methods of ‘on-the- job training.
Answer:
Following are the two methods of “on job training”.

1. Internship training method.
2. Case study method.

Question 10.
State any three barriers of. communication.
Answer:
Effective communication is essential for effective and efficient management of an organisation.
There are a number of barriers to effective communications,
such as :

1. Semantic barriers,
2. Psychological or Emotional barriers,
3. Organisational barriers
4. Personal barriers.

Question 11.
State any two headings of the importance of supervision.
Answer:
Following are the two importance of supervision :

1. Optimum utilization of Resoures : Supervision develops work skills which help in optimum utilization of resources.
2. Controlling performance : Supervision insures performance of work as per the targets.
   Supervisior assumes responsibility for the accomplish ment of task. Undertaken and motivates his fellow workers.

Question 12.
Write any four headings of the importance of control in management.
Answer:
Following are the four heading of importance of control in management :

1. Control is basis of planning.
2. Facilitates decision making.
3. Helps in improving efficiency.
4. Appraisal of performance.

Question 13.
Write name of any three methods/ techniques of control.
Answer:
Following are the methods/Techniques of control :

1. Budgetary control.
2. Break-even analysis.
3. Statistical Data.
4. Special reports and Analysis.
5. Operational Audit or Internal Audit.
6. Personal Observation.
7. Policies, Procedures and Instructions.
8. Ratio Analysis.
9. Other Techniques.

Question 14.
Write the name of any three financial decisions taken by management.
Answer:
The three main financial decision which are generally taken by a finance manager are as under.,

1. Investment Decision.
2. Financial Decision.
3. Dividend decision.

Question 15.
Write the name of any four factors which include in capital structure.
Answer:
Following are the four factors which include in capital structure :

1. Position of cash flow.
2. Cost of capital.
3. Return on investment.
4. Risk consideration.

Question 16.
Name the two factors affecting capital structure.
Answer:
Following are the two factors affecting capital structure.

1. Cost of capital.
2. Risk consideration.

Question 17.
State any four functions of financial market.
Answer:
Following are the four important functions of financial market :

1. Mobilisation of savings and channelising them into most productive uses.
2. Informational role for price recovery.
3.  Providing liquidity to financial assets.
4. Reducing the cost of transactions.

Question 18.
Write the two headings of the function of SEBI.
Answer:
Following are the two heading of SEBI functions :

1. Protective functinsz.
2. Development functions.

Question 19.
Name any four media of advertisement.
Answer:
Following are the four medium of advertising:

1. Newspapers
2. Magazines
3. Television
4. Radio.

Question 20.
State any two characteristics of a good brand.
Answer:
Following are the two features of good brand :

1. It should be distinctive.
2. It should be appropreate.

Question 21.
State any two objectives of consumer protection programme.
Answer:
The main two objectives of consumer protection act are as below :

1. To ensure fair, competitive and responsible markets that work well for consumers and promote ethical business practice.
2. To promote and protect the economics interests of consumers.

Question 22.
State any two characteristics of entrepreneurship.
Answer:

1. Innovation : Any innovative work is entrepreneurship. New resources, new products, new technology, new utilities, new managerial skills etc., come in the perview of entrepreneurship. Thus, the basic feature of entrepreneurship is innovation.
2. A high achievement function : Achievement orientation is the most important factor for explaining economic behaviour. ‘Doing things in a new and a better way’ and ‘decision-making under uncertainty’, can be regarded as two important features of entrepreneurship.

Question 23.
Name the needs which should be satisfied first.
Answer:
Following are five basic needs which should be satisfied first.

1. Physological needs.
2. Safety needs.
3. Love and belongingness needs.
4. Esteem needs.
5. Self actualization needs.

Question 24.
Write any three merits of advertising.
Answer:
Following are the merits of Advertising :

1. Introduces new product in the market.
2. Expansion of the market.
3. Increased sales.
4. Fight competition.
5. Enhance goodwill.
6. Elimination of middlemen.
7. Better quality products.
8. Educate the consumers.

Question 25.
Name any three sourcess of raising fixed capital.
Answer:
Following are the three sources of raising fixed capital :

1. Issue of equity and preference shares.
2. Issue of Debentures.
3. Issue of Right shares.
4. Retained Earning.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question no. 26 to 33 are Long answer type questions. Answer any 4 of them. Each question carries 5 marks. (4 x 5 = 20)

Question 26.
What is divisional organization ? State its main characteristics.
Answer:
Divisional Organisation/Departmentation: A department is a work group or unit which is created for performing certain functions of .similar nature. The process of division of the enterprise into different parts is broadly called departmentation.

The various parts or divisions are called as departments. It leads to grouping of both functions and personnel who are assigned to carry out allocated functions. It helps in creating a sound organisation structure. There can be many methods of departmentation. Every enterprise choose the appropriate basis or method depending upon its objectives, size, etc.

Merits :

1. This arrangement makes effective control possible
2. This arrangement is based on the principle of specialisation
3. It estrablishes co-ordination on the departmental level.

Demerits :

1. The weakness of one department affects the other departments
2. All the departments function according to their sweet will making inter-departmental co-ordination difficult
3. This system is q hurdle in the way of the complete development of the employees.

Question 27.
Explain the importance of decentralization.
Answer:
Decentralisation refers to the systematic effort to delegate to the lowest level all authority except which can be exercised at the central point.

The following factors highlight its importance :

1. Greatern Motivation : Decentralisation improves the morale and motivation of Subordinates which is reflected in better work performance.
2. Develops initiative among subordinates : Decentralisation helps to promote self-reliance and confidence amongst the subordinates. This is because when lower managerial levels are given freedom to take their own decisions, they learn to depend on their own judgement. It helps to promote initiative and creativity among them.
3. Develops managerial talent for the future : As a result of decentralisation, employees get more opportunities to develop new skills. It makes them better future managers.
4. Quick decision making : Decentralisation in an organisation, provides more freedom to lower level managers to take their own decisions. There is no need to get approval from higher level. It helps in quick and better decision making.
5. Facilitates growth and expansion : Decentralisation facilitates organisational growth through expansion and diversification.

Question 28.
Explain in brief the various methods of training.
Answer:
There are various methods of training. These are broadly categories into two groups :

• On the job.
• off-the job methods.

On the job methods :

1. Apprenticeship programmes: Apprenticeship programmes put the trainee under the guidance of master worker. These are designed to acquire a higher level of skill.
2. Coaching : In this method, the superior guides and instructs the trainee as a coach. The coach or counseler sets mutually agreed upon goals.
3. Internship training : It is a joint programme of training in which educational instigutions and business firms cooperate.
4. Job rotation : This kind of training involves shifiting the trainee from one department to another of from or one job to another.

Off the job methods:

1. Class room lectures/conferences: The lecture or conference approach is well adapted to conveying specific information rules, procedures or methods.
2. Films : They can provide information and explicitly demonstrate skills that are not easily represened by the other techniques.
3. Case study : Taken from actual experiences of organisations, cases represent attempts to describe,
   as accruetly as possible real problems that managers have faced.
4. Computer modelling: It simulates the work environment by programming a computer to imitate some of the realities of the job and allows learning to take place without the risk or high costs.
5. Vestibule training : Employees learn their jobs on the equipment they will be using, but the training is conducted away from the actual work floor.
6. Programmed instruction : The method incorporates a prearranged and proposed acuisition of some specific skills or general knowledge.

Question 29.
Discuss the importance of directing.
Answer:
Following are the importance of Directing :

1. Managerial function : Directing is a managerial function. It is through directing, the managers guides, inspires and leads the employees to perform the task assigned.
2. Continuing function : Directing is a continuous function. The managers continuously guide, inspire and lead the employees to get the work done.
3. Integrating process : Directing is an integrating process. It integrates the efforts of the employees to achieve the organisational objectives. It provides direction to their efforts. In the absence of direction, their efforts may not focus or concentrate on the objectives of the organisation and may remain inactive.
4. Pervasive function : Directing is a responsibility of all managers. It is performed at all levels of the organisation. Directing flow from top to lower levels of management.
5. Creative function : Driecting is a creative function. It converts paper plans into reality by initiating, guiding, leading and supervising.

Question 30.
Explain any four needs that motivate an employee to work.
Answer:
Froms of Non-financial Incentives: In order to motivate the employees management may use the following forms of non-financial incentives :

(i) Praise of appreciation of work done : Recognition of satisfactory performance acts as non- financial incentive since it satisfies one’s ego needs. However, this incentive should be used with great care because praising an incompetent employee creates resentment among competent employees.

(ii) Workers’ participation in management : Participation in management provides strong motivation to the employees. Gives them psychological satisfaction if there voice is header participants in management provides for two ways communication and so imbibes a sense of importance.

(iii) Suggestion system : Suggestion system is an incentive with satisfies many needs of the employees. Many organisations which use the suggestion system make use of cash awards for useful suggestion. They sometimes publish the workers name with the photograph in the company magazine. This motivates the employees to be in search for something which may be of greater use to the organisation.

(iv) Competition : If there is healthy competition among individual employees, group of employees, it leads them to achieve their persoanl or group goals. Hence, competition acts as none financial incentives.

(v) Opportunity for growth : Opportunity for growth is another kind of intensive. If the employees are provide opportunity for their advertisement and growth to develop their personality, they feel very much satisfied and more communicate to organisation goals.

Question 31.
Explain the functions of financial manager.
Answer:
Finances are the cornerstone of every business. The prime goal of my organization would be to garner huge profits and this is only possibe withh proper management of the finance. Therefore, effectual finance Management is imperative for every organization as it leads to enhanced profits are reduction in the operational cost.

A finance manger plays an impoertant role in the mangement of a business organbization as he manges all the activites related to finance. There are many functions that a financial manager is expected to perform .
These include.

1. Estimating the amount of capital required for the proper functioning of the business : The most basic function of a finance manager is the estimation of the capital because funds are required for both long term and short term. The firm requires capital so that it can its liability with no delay, benefit from early business opportunites, pay for resources, op-erational cost etc.

2. Devising a capital structure : For the determining the capital structure, the finance manager must ensure that the earning rate is higher than the rate of interest on the borrowed amount.

3. Sources to raise funds : For proper financial management, it is imperative to find can raise funds. The organisatiion can raise funds through different sources including equity and preference shares, debentures, banks, financial institutions other souces.

4. Acquisition of funds : While acquiring funds, the financial manager needs to follow some basic step such as legal formalities and documentation’ required.

Question 32.
What is working capital ? How is it calculated ?
Answer:
Meaning of Working Capital : Working capital refers to that capital which is utilized for meeting current liabilities by cash payments in the ordinary course of business. In other words, the working capital is invested in raw materials, in stock of partly finished goods in meeting day-to-day or current exenditure on salaries, wages, rent, rates, taxes, insurance, advertisement etc. in cash.
Determinants of Working Capital
(1) Size of Business : Larger of the business enterprise, greater would be the need for working capital. The size of a business may be measured in terms of scale of its business operations.

(2) Production Cycle : Production cycle means the time-span between the purchase of raw materials and its conversion into finished goods. The longer the production cycle, the larger will be the need for working capital.

(3) Production Policy : The need for working capital is also determined by production policy. The demand for certain products (such as woolen garments) is seasonal. Two type of production policies may be adopted for such products.

(4) Availability of Raw Material : If the raw material required by the firm is available easily on a continuous basis, there will be no need to keep a large inventory of such materials and hence the requirement of working capital will be less. On the other hand, if the supply of raw material is irregular, the firm will be compelled to keep an excessive inventory of such materials which will result in high level of working capital.

(5) Availability of Credit from Banks :If a firm can get easy bank credit facility in case of need, it will operate with less working capital

Question 33.
Explain any five functions of marketing.
Answer:
Function of Marketing:
(i) Gatrhering and analysing market information : An important function of a marketer is gather and analyse market information. It is necessary to identify the needs the customers and to take various decisions for the successful marketing of the products and services.

(ii) Marketing planning : Marketing manager has to develop appropriate marketing plans to achieve the marketing objectives of the firm.

(iii) Customers support services : Another very important function of marketing management relates to developing customers support serves such as procuring credit service after sales services, handling customer complaints, maintenance services, technical services and consumer information. All these services aim at providing maximum satisfaction to the customers.

(iv) Physical distributions : A very important function of marketing is to arrange for distribution o f goods and services. Physical distribution includes decisions regarding choice of channels of distribution, maintaining inventory, storange, warehousing etc.

(v) Utilising funds : It is the task of the finance manager to ensune that the funds are inuested wisely so as to garner maximum roll.

(vi) Disposing of Profits : Effectcial finance management involves Inalysing the funds that can be invested for proper working of the organization and distributing the rest amoung the shareholders.

(vii) A financial manager needs to manage the cash in such a way that there its neither shortage nor surplus and decily expenses can be met without any hassles.

(viii) Finance Management involves avaluation and control of the financial perform once of an organization

Bihar Board 12th Business Studies Model Question Paper 3 in English Medium

Time : 3 Hour 15 Min
Full Marks : 100

Instructions

1. Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
2. Figures in the right hand margin indicate full marks.
3. 15 minutes of extra time has been allotted for the candidate to read the questions carefull.
4. This question paper has two sections : Section -A and Section-B.
5. In Section-A, there are 50 objective type questions which are compulsory, each carrying 1 mark. Darken the circle with black/blue ball pen against the correct option on OMR Sheet provided to you. Do not use Whitener/ Liquid/Blade/Nail on OMR Sheet, otherwise the result will be treated as invalid.
6. In Section-B, there are 25 Short answer type questions, out of which any 15 questions are to be answered. Each question carries 2 marks. Apart from this, there are 08 Long answer type questions, out-of which any 04 of them are to be answered. Each question carries 5 marks.
7. Use of any electronic device is prohibited.

Objective Type Questions

Question No. -1 to 50 have four options provided, out of which only one is correct. You have to mark, your selected option, on the OMR-Sheet. Each question carries 1 (one) mark. [50 x = 50]

Question 1.
“A Plan is a trap to capture the future.” This statement is of
(a) Newman
(b) Hurley
(c) Allen
(d) Terry
Answer:
(c) Allen

Question 2.
According to George R. Terry, the types of planning are-
(a) 08
(b) 06
(c) 04
(d) 02
Answer:
(c) 04

Question 3.
Planning is for
(a) Present
(b) Future
(c) Past
(d) All
Answer:
(b) Future

Question 4.
Planning is
(a) Necessary
(b) Un necessary
(c) Wastage of time
(d) Wastage of money
Answer:
(a) Necessary

Question 5.
Of all mangerial activites planning is the
(a) Beginning
(b) End
(c) Beginning and End
(d) None of Those
Answer:
(a) Beginning

Question 6.
Father of scientific management was-
(a) Taylor
(b) Urbick
(c) Henry Fayol
(d) Kimbell
Answer:
(a) Taylor

Question 7.
Which of the following statement is inconsistent ?
(a) Management is purposeful
(b) Instinct process
(c) Universal
(d) Not separate from ownership
Answer:
(b) Instinct process

Question 8.
Henry Fayol’s principles of management are-
(a) 05
(b) 10
(c) 14
(d) 16
Answer:
(c) 14

Question 9.
When scientific management was introduced ?
(a) 1913
(b) 1832
(c) 1903
(d) 1920
Answer:
(a) 1913

Question 10.
By scientific management workers get-
(a) Advantage
(b) Disadvantage
(c) None
(d) Both Advantage & Disadvantage
Answer:
(a) Advantage

Question 11.
Wages given to workers in traditional management was-
(a) Low
(b) High
(c) Maximum
(d) Normal
Answer:
(a) Low

Question 12.
The experiment done by Taylor under scientific management were-
(a) Motion Study
(b) Fatigue Study
(c) Time Study
(d) All
Answer:
(d) All

Question 13.
Mental revolution is the essence of-
(a) Scientific Management
(b) Combination
(c) Rationalisation
(d) Profession
Answer:
(a) Scientific Management

Question 14.
Henry Fayol was born in-
(a) Japan
(b) France
(c) Germany
(d) America
Answer:
(b) France

Question 15.
Principles of management are-
(a) Universal
(b) Flexible
(c) Dynamic
(d) All of these
Answer:
(c) Dynamic

Question 16.
Development of employees involve-
(a) Transfer
(b) Promotion
(c) Training
(d) All
Answer:
(d) All

Question 17.
Methods of Training are-
(a) Conference
(b) Lectures
(c) Apprenticeship
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d) All of the above

Question 18.
Employees training is-
(a) Unnecessary
(b) Necessary
(c) Compulsory
(d) Luxury
Answer:
(c) Compulsory

Question 19.
Money spent on staffing is-
(a) Necessary
(b) Wastage
(c) Investment
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) Investment

Question 20.
Human Resource Development includes-
(a) Recruitment
(b) Selection
(c) Training
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

Question 21.
Main elements of direction are-
(a) 02
(b) 03
(c) 04
(d) 06
Answer:
(c) 04

Question 22.
Direction is related to employees
(a) Top Level
(b) Middle Level
(c) Lower Level
(d) All Level
Answer:
(d) All Level

Question 23.
Direction is
(a) Compulsory
(b) Necesssary
(c) Unnecessary
(d) Wastage of time
Answer:
(a) Compulsory

Question 24.
Supervision is
(a) Necessary
(b) un nesessary
(c) Wastage of time
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Necessary

Question 25.
For Stock exchange the service of SEBI is
(a) Volntary
(b) Nessary
(c) un necessary
(d) Compulsory
Answer:
(d) Compulsory

Question 26.
Marketing includes-
(a) Purchase
(b) Sale
(c) Warehousing
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d) All of the above

Question 27.
Which one is not the consumer product among the following ?
(a) Raw materials
(b) Refrigerator
(c) Old statues
(d) Shoes
Answer:
(c) Old statues

Question 28.
Essentials of a good brand are-
(a) Short name
(b) Easy to remember
(c) Attractive design
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

Question 29.
Labelling is compulsory in packed consumer products- ”
(a) All
(b) A Few
(c) None
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(a) All

Question 30.
Co-ordination is-
(a) Voluntary
(b) Necessary
(c) Unnecessary
(d) Wastage of time
Answer:
(b) Necessary

Question 31.
Co-ordination is established by-
(a) Highest level management
(b) Medium level management
(c) Low level management
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) Low level management

Question 32.
According to George R. Terry the functions of management are-
(a) 02
(b) 04
(c) 06
(d) 07
Answer:
(b) 04

Question 31.
Co-ordination is established by-
(a) Highest level management
(b) Medium level management
(c) Low level management
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) Low level management

Question 32.
According to George R. Terry the functions of management are-
(a) 02
(b) 04
(c) 06
(d) 07
Answer:
(b) 04

Question 33.
The essence of management is-
(a) Co-ordination
(b) Organisation
(c) Staffing
(d) Controlling
Answer:
(a) Co-ordination

Question 34.
The nature of management is-
(a) As an inborn ability
(b) As an acquired ability
(c) As inborn ability & as an acquired Ability both
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) As an inborn ability

Question 35.
Management is,
(a) Art
(b) Science
(c) Art and science both
(d) Profession
Answer:
(c) Art and science both

Question 36.
Which of the following attitudes is not generally associated with successful entreprenenship ?
(a) Competition and co-operation
(b) Desire to influence others
(c) Innovation and product improvements
(d) Staticity in business
Answer:
(b) Desire to influence others

Question 37.
Physical distribution does not include-
(a) Transportation
(b) Financing
(c) Warehousing
(d) Inventory control
Answer:
(b) Financing

Question 38.
Which is not an element of promotion mix ?
(a) Advertisements
(b) Personal selling
(c) Sales promotion
(d) Product development
Answer:
(a) Advertisements

Question 39.
Advertisement is deemed as-
(a) Wastage
(b) Investments
(c) Luxury
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Investments

Question 40.
Objectives of sales promotion are-
(a) To introduce with new products only
(b) To attract new customers only
(c) To counter competitor only
(d) All the above
Answer:
(d) All the above

Question 41.
New economic policy was declared in
(a) July 1990
(b) July 1991
(c) July 1992
(d) July 2001
Answer:
(b) July 1991

Question 42.
National Commission can settle disputes
(a) up to Rs.5 lakhs
(b) up to Rs.10 lakhs
(c) up to Rs.15 lakhs
(d) above Rs.l crore
Answer:
(c) up to Rs.15 lakhs

Question 43.
Management is a profession.” This statement is of
(a) George R. Terry
(b) American Management Association
(c) Henry Fayol
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) American Management Association

Question 44.
Control is the _________ function of the management.
(a) first
(b) Last
(c) Third
(d) second
Answer:
(b) Last

Question 45.
Which of the following is related with social environment ?
(a) Composition of families
(b) Consumer Protection Act
(c) Business Law
(d) Privatisation
Answer:
(a) Composition of families

Question 46.
The feature of a good plan is
(a) Expensive
(b) Time consuming
(c) Flexible
(d) Rigid
Answer:
(b) Time consuming

Question 47.
Co-ordination is established by
(a) Top level management
(b) Middle level management
(c) Lower level management
(d) none of these
Answer:
(b) Middle level management

Question 48.
Marketing concept is
(a) Production co-oriented
(b) Sales – oriented
(c) Customer- oriented
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

Question 49.
Fixed capital is needed for period.
(a) short period
(b) long period
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Answer:
(b) long period

Question 50.
Capital market deals in
(a) short – term funds
(b) medium term funds
(c) long term funds
(d) none of these
Answer:
(c) long term funds

Non-Objective Type Questions

Short Answer Type Questions

Question no. 1 to 25 are Short answer type questions. Answer any 15 out of them. Each question carries 2 marks. (15 x 3 = 30)

Question 1.
What is meant by recruitment ? How is it different from selection ?
Answer:
Recruitment-This means to search prospective candidates and to stimulate them to apply for jobs in an organisation.
Distinction between selection and recruitment :

1. Recruitment is inviting and procuring application where as selection is processing and screening applicants
2. Recruitment is a medium while selection is the end results
3. Recruitment is a positive process, while selection is a negative one.
4. The process of selection starts, where the process of recruitment ends.

Question 2.
What is critical point control ?
Answer:
Critical point control-Control can not be excercised at all points of an activity, as it may be time-consuming and very expensive. Managers should identify the important or critical points which must be looked after. If these critical points or Key Results Areas (KRAs) are properly controlled, the entire activity would be deemed to have been controlled. In a labour-oriented industry, for example, 10% increase in wages will be more deterimental for the enterprise than .the amount to be spent for the purchase of furniture and crockery for the worker’s canteen.

Question 3.
What are the objectives of SEBI ?
Answer:
The followings are the objectives of SEBI:

1. To protect the investers’ interest in securities
2. To promote and develop securities market
3. To develop code of conduct for intermediaries like brokers, merchant bankers etc.
4. To mobilise and allocate resources through securities market
5. To provide facilitate of competitive, professionalized and expanding market to the intermediaries.

Question 4.
How does planning make controlling possible ?
Answer:
Planning make controlling possible by using these types of plans :

1. Corporate plans
2. Functional Plans
3. Short – term plans
4. Long – term plans
5. Standing plans

Question 5.
Give suggestions to make advertising ‘ more effective.
Answer:
Advertising is the preparation and communication of some message to the desired population through a medium/media,regarding a product, service or idea for some consideration.
Consider following term to making advertising more effective :

1. Maintenance of quality
2. Helps in making decision
3. Educating customers
4. Aids press
5. Encouragement to research
6. Higher standard of living
7. Creation of goodwill

Question 6.
Indian Government has made many laws to secure the interests of consumers. Discuss.
Answer:
Some important Consumer Protection Act made by Indian Government as discussed below-

1. The Prevention of Black Marketing and Maintenance of Supplies of Essential Commodities Act., 1980-This Act prevents social and economic evil of black marketing. Any person engaged in black marketing can be detained under this Act.
2. The Essential Commodities Act, 1956-This Act provides for the control of production, supply, price and distribution of essential commodities, like wheat, rice, sugar, oil etc.
3. The Standard of Weights and Measures Act, 1956-This Act lays down that standards of measurement must be set whenever required. Inspection of weights and measures should be undertaken as some traders find ways of weighing or measuring less or weighing the containers along with the goods.
4. The Competition Act, 2002-This Act has been substituted with the Monopolies and Restrictive Trade practices Act, 1969 (MRTP Act, 1969).
5. The Contract Act, 1982-This Act binds the people to fulfill their promises with respect to a valid contract.
6. The Consumer Protection Act, 1986-The object of this Act to protecting the consumers from anti trade practices making profit.

Question 7.
What is the importance of management ?
Answer:
If the administration of the organised sector is left to generalists, having no knowledge of management theory and practice, the activities of business and non-business organisations will be Jeopardised and there will be chaos all around. If a nation wants to be prosperious, it will have to produce efficient managers.

The following are the importance of efficient management:

1. Maximum results with minimum Resources
2. Realisation of Personal objectives,
3. Economic Growth
4. System in place of Rule of Thumb
5. Protection of Investor’s Interests.

Question 8.
“Planning is a mental process.” Explain.
Answer:
Let us examine some of the parts of definition of planning in regard “Planning is a mental process”.-
“Planning is deciding in advance what to do, how to do it, when to do it and who is to do it. It makes possible for things to occur which would not otherwise happen : we can also say that planning is the excercise of creative thinking in the solution of business problems. It involves the determination of what is to be done, how and where it is to be done, and who shall be responsible. We conclud the above fact that The act of thinking and determining a course of action, spelt out in detail, is called planning.

Question 9.
What do you mean by ‘training’ ? How does it differ from ‘education’ ?
Answer:
Training is the process of improving the attitudes, skills, performance and knout edge of the employees to make them enable for the job. Training is different from education on the basis of following grounds –

1. Education focuses on creating lifelong independent thinkers where as training focuses on skills sought after by employers.
2. Training has its roots in the guid system while education’s origins lie in universities.
3. Training uses textbooks and prescriptives methods.
4. In today’s universities highly specialized areas of training are being bassed off as education.

Question 10.
State the objectives of controlling.
Answer:
The purpose of managerial control is to ensure the desired level of efficiency in business. It helps the manager to achive the desired goals of business efficiently and effectively. The objectives of controlling are briefly stated below :

1. To develop suitable control techniques and to diagnose critical control points
2. To ensures that the performance is in accordance with the predetermined plans or targets, and to know the actual level of performance,
3. To find out deviations from the planned schedule and targets
4. To analysis deviation for knowing causes there of.
5. To consider and take whatever correchive measure are necessary and to redefine standards, if deviations are uncontrollable.

Question 11.
Distinguish between marketing and selling.
Answer:
Marketing and selling can be distinguished on the basis of the following points :
Marketing :

1. It creates demand, products goods and services, supplies the same and satisfies the consumers.
2. It includes creation of demand, pricing, promotion, sales and after sale services.
3. It aims at optimizing profit by optimizing consumers’ satisfaction.
4. It start much earlier than that of selling and it continues even after selling has come to an end.

Selling :

1. It just transfers the ownership of goods and services to the consumers.
2. It involves giving of goods and services for some consideration.
3. It’s main objective is to maximising profits by maximising sale.
4. It start when the goods and services are ready for exchanging; it comes to an end when the owner ship is passed on to the buyer.

Question 12.
What do you mean by levels of Management ?
Answer:
‘Levels of Management’ means different categories of managers having different quanta of authority form the lowest to the highest. There is no hard and fast rule about the number of levels in an enterprise. Small organisations have less levels and the number of levels, generally, increases as the size of organisation expands. It is also not necessary that the enterprises of the same size should have equal or identical levels.
From the study point or view the various managers may be grouped into the following thrice levels.

1. Top level management.
2. Middle level management.
3. Lower level management or super-visory or operational level management.

Question 13.
Write the different steps in the process of organising.
Answer:
Organising as a process includes the following steps:

1. Identification of Activities and their division : The process of organising starts with the identification of various activities. These activities are divided into various homogeneous units, which is called job and these jobs are assigned to the employees in a manageable-and systematic manner.
2. Grouping the activities into departments : Each Cluster of homogeneous activities is eammarked as a department and it gets a name according to the activities under taken there.
3. Assigning Duties : Once departments have been created, employees working in different departments get the work to be done by them. Each employees gets the work according to his/her specialisation and skills.
4. Establishing work Relationship : Under this step various work relation ships are established. These may be senior subordinate or lateral relationship.

Question 14.
What is meant by capital structure ?
Answer:
Capital structure is the composition or mix of different types of long term capital whether owned or borrowed. These may be in the form of share capital, debentures and long term loans from financial institutions. Like the plan of capitalisation, capital structure should be also planned. Share capital is an important component of the capital structure.

Question 15.
Distinguish between Centralisation und Decentralisation.
Answer:
Centralisation & Decentralisation : Centralisation & Decentralisation are relation terms. An organisation is said to be centralised when the authority relation to decesion making is remained with top level while it is called decentralised when these authorities are delegated.

In the words of Henri fayol, Everything which goes to increase the sub-ordinate’s role, is decentralisation, everything that goes to reduce, it is centralisation.

Question 16.
Discuss in brief, any three principles of Scientific Management.
Answer:
Principles of Management :

1. Division of work : This means assigning the work to a person for which he is best suited. This principle is equally applicable to all hands of work managerial as well as technical.
2. Unity of command : This means that sub-ordinates should be receive orders from one senior only. A sub-ordinate receiving orders from two or more bosses can satisfy none.
3. Discipline : Disceplines mean the observance of rules and regulations this principle emphasises the obedience on the part of the sub-ordinates.

Question 17.
Give three advantages of budgetary control.
Answer:
There are following Advantage of Budgetory control:

1. Availcibility of yardsticks : Under budgetory control, budgets are used as yardsticks for determining the legitimacy of the task performed.
2. Maximum Utilisation of Resources : Various resources, like men, material, money etc. Can be optimally utilised through budgetory control.
3. Improvement in Co-ordination : It improve Co-ordination in the concerned activities for example, sale and production activities are interrelated.

Question 18.
Why is entrepreneurship regarded as a creative activity ?
Answer:
There are following reasons of entrepreneurship regarded as creative ativities as

1. It is necessary to management efficiently for its organisational ability and development.
2. For starting any new production.
3. For modify the organisation.
4. It is necessary for entrepreneur to development and competite their competitors.

Question 19.
Planning is a continuous process. How ? Explain.
Answer:
Planning is a continuous process : Plans need continuous review with a view to take cognisance of nature of economics to keep an equilibrium in changing pattern of demand and supply involving co-ordination of different function of management and thus to keep the business in perfect running conduction. So planning is a dynamic & continuous concept or process.

Question 20.
What do you mean by Promotion mix ?
Answer:
Promotion Mix : Promotion is an important element of marketing mix. It helps in boosting sales through its sub components.
There are four major promotion mix are :

1. Advertising
2. Personal selling
3. Sales promotion
4. Publicity.

The purpose of each is to popularize the product and services and help in boosting sales.

Question 21.
Distinguish between formal and informal communications.
Answer:
Distinguish between formal & informal communication
Formal communication :

1. It takes place in the formal fashion.
2. Communication takes place among officials or with outsiders in their capacity.
3. Parties involved in communication have formal relations.
4. Message is more reliable as the communication take place officially.
5. It consist information technology like cellphones, computers etc.

Informal communication :

1. It take place unofficially.
2. Communication takes place among official or with outsiders in unofficial capacity.
3. Here they have social or friendly relations.
4. Members communicate in their personal capacity sometimes inaccurate information may be passed on.
5. it consist face-to-face communication.

Question 22.
State any two functions of top level management.
Answer:
Following are the two function of top level management :

1. The main function of top level management is that to explain the objectives; determination of policy and directing.
2. It’s function to determine short-term or long term objectives of organisation.

Question 23.
Explain any two elements of delegation of authority.
Answer:
Following are the two elements of delegation of authority.

1. Assignments of tasks and duties : In the process of delegation every superior has to define the jobs to be performed by his subordination.
2. Grant of Authority : Grant of authority implies giving the rights to subordinates to decide and act, to use necessary resources and represents the superior.

Question 24.
What is Recruitment ?
Answer:
Recruitment functions is concerned with discovering the sources of man power required and tapping these sources, i.e. attracting the potential, employees to offer services to the working organisation.

Question 25.
Enumerate any four non-monetary incentives.
Answer:
Four-non-monetary incentive :

1. Safe services
2. Opportunity to promotion,
3. Eligibility, praise
4. Justice
5. Top enrichment
6. job security.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question no. 26 to 33 are Long answer type questions. Answer any 4 of them. Each question carries 5 marks. (4×5 = 20)

Question 26.
What is financial planning ? What are the element/factors which affect financial planning ?
Answer:
13. Financial planning-Financial planning means deciding in a advance how much to spend, on what to spend, according to the funds at your disposal. Walker and Baughn have defined financial planning in the following words-

“Financial planning pertains only to the function of finance and includes the determination of the firm’s financial objectives, formulating and promulgating financial policies and developing financial procedures.”
This definition is considered to be the best definition of financial planning. It includes three main aspects of financial planning-

1. Determination of financial objectives
2. Formulation of financial Policies
3. Development of financial procedures.

Factors Affecting Financial Planning Or, Elements Determining Financial Planning-A financial plan should be prepared very carefully because it has long-term impact on the working of an enterprise. Financial plan is affected by a number of factors. All these factors should be taken into consideration while preparing a financial plan-

(i) Nature of industry – The nature of industry of business plays a decisive role in drafting of financial plan. A capital-intensive industry like cement, paper or fertilizer requires more capital while a labour
intensive enterprise requires less amount of capital. In addition to it, the stability and regularity of income, future prospects of growth, the fluctuations in the demand of the product being manufactured by the firm, the extent of automation, etc., play a dominant role in determining the capital needs as well as capital structure.

(ii) Status of unit – This step includes the evaluation of increment characteristics of the unit like age, size, market area, scope and nature of the field, then reputation of management etc.

(iii) Flexibility – Flexibility and not the rigidity should be the main principle to be followed in the financing planning. If there is no flexibility in financial plans it would be very difficult later on, to carry on its expansion or diversification programmes due to lack of funds.

(iv) Plans for the future growth – Firms expect to grow larger in size as they grow old. So while undertaking current financing decisions, the factors of future growth should be suitable weighed. Capital structure must be of high grade securities.

(v) Capital structure – The capital structure of the company must be of high grade securities. It should be diversified but balanced. No permanant charge should be created on the capital of the industry. Fair rate of dividend should also be maintained.

(vi) Amount of risk – The risk involved in the business should also be discussed while planning the sources of funds. For business having more risks should issue ownership securities only while enterprise with stable earning expectation can take advantage of trading on equity.

(vii) Magnitude of external capital requirement – It would be a good policy for the industry to finance its expansion or diversification programmes through internal resources such as ploughing back of profits, reserves and surplus, etc., but short-term finances may be obtained from external sources by issuing redeemable preference shares or debentures if they are urgently needed.

(viii) Attitude of management – The attitude of management and management policies regarding trading on equity, capital earning ratio, the desire and extent to converse the control of enterprise, etc., affect in no small amount of pattern of financing.

(ix) Appraisal of alternative sources of finance – A study of the potential suppliers of fund has to be made and then Only a firm can expect to obtain funds suited to its advantage.

(x) Government policies and control – In preparing financial plan, the promoter should invariably take into account the governmental policies, financial controls and other monetary and fiscal policies of the government.

Question 27.
Explain various money market instruments.
Answer:
The main tools of money market have been described below-
(i) Treasury bills-These instruments are issued Reserve Bank of India. These are short-term securities with moturities of one year or less. These bills bear on interest. However they are issued at less than their face value and redeemed at for – the difference bring the interest on investment.

(ii) Interbank call money-This is a technique of lending and borrowing by banks on short-term basis. There may be situations when banks may come across shortage of money due to excessive withdraws or beary loan demands. In such cases banks can take loans from others banks as emergency solutions such loans are usually given for one day.

(iii) Commercial paper-This is a debt instrument issued by a company to meet its short-term financing needs. This is normally in the form of a promissory note. The issuing company promises to pay back the amount of the commercial paper within a stipulated period which is usually less than 270 days.

(iv) Certificates of deposit (CDs)-These were introduced in India in 1989 as a short-term unsecured promissary note, these are relatively low-risk debt instruments issued by banks. They mention that the named party has a specified sumon deposit, usually for a given period of time, at a fixed rate of interest, the period of CDs generally range from one month to five years. It implies that this sources in useful for short and medium-terms. Howevers, the permissible periodical range, at present, in India money market is from 7 to 365 days.

(v) Commercial bill/Trade bill – It is the bill of exchange drawn by the creditor on his/her debtors, extending credit for a short-term, it is a written order for a certain period to boy a specific sum for which the debtors has received value. After it has been signed by the debtors, it becomes a negotiable instruments. It can be discounted in a bank dr endorsed to a person against receipt of equivalent value or be kept till maturity and then getting the amount stated in it.

Question 28.
What do you mean by ‘Delegation’ ? Explain any four points which highlight the importance of delegation in an organisation.
Answer:
The need of delegation of authority arises when the volume is work of a manager increased and
be becomes over burdened. In order to reduce his work load, he follows a process by which some tasks within his Jurisdiction are assigned to his sub ordinates on a selective basis. For during the assigned work/ task, appropriate authority is also given. Such authority is known as delegation of authority.

Definitions : “Delegation is the process of a manager follow in dividing the work assigned to him so that he performs that part which only he, because of his unique organisational placement, can perform effectively and so that he can get others to help him what remains.”

Importance of delegation can be explained through the following points.

1. Relief to over burdned managers : As the business expand, seniors may become too heavily occupied. They may need the services of someone who can share their burden. They find the remedy by adapting the technique of delegation.
2. Improvement is the Quality and Quantity of works : When a single person has to do voluminous work, he does it at he cost of its quality and quantity. He can take care of both if he shares their work with someone. Delagation provides on opporunity to seniors for sharing their work with subordinates.
3. Source of Enhancing Job satisfactions : Delegation provides opportunities of Job-enlargement and Job-enrichment to sub-ordinates.
4. Seniors’ focus on more important Tasks : Seniors, generally, delegate the routine type of tasks to their delegates. This enables them to devote more time and energies to more important tasks.
5. Training ground for the sub-ordinates : Delegation provides opportunities to the sub-ordinates for doing higher level job.
6. Quick Decesion making : Since delegatees get limited tasks through delegation, they are able to take decisions quickly.
7. Effective co-ordination : Delegation stream lines the co-ordination and makes it more effective. All this makes co-ordination more effective.

Question 29.
“Money spent on advertisement is a social waste” Do you agree with this ?
Answer:
No ! the money spent on advertisement is not social waste, but it is an investment. Advertising plays a beneficial role for boosting up the sale, profit and reputation of the modern business. It provides benefits not only traders but to the customers and society also, which have been discussed below:

1. Increase Sales : The mein objective of advertisement is to increase sales production on a large scale, makes it necessary to sell on a large scale. Advertisement helps to create a wide base to facilities sales on large scale.
2. Steady demand : In the absence of personal touch between the buyers and the sellers, it is necessary to keep customers constantly aware and informed of the product so that there could be a steady demand for the products. This continuous information is provided through advertisement.
3. Helps in making decesion : Customers get the required information types of product available in the market to satisfy their demand their relative advantage or disadvantages, price and utility, etc. On the basis of this information a customer finds it easy to arrive at any decision. Selection becomes essay for him.
4. Educating customers : Advertisement educate people about various products and their diverse uses. It tells consumers about better ways of living there by increasing living standards.
5. Provide Employment : Advertisement is a source of employment for many persons. Making advertising copies dicussion with sponsors, printing the Advertisement etc require the services of many persons.
6. Higher standard of living : It helps to raise the standard of living by educating people, by providing them more job opportunities and facilitating in production on a large scale.

Question 30.
What do you mean by staffing is it a part of Human Resource Management ? Clarify.
Answer:
Staffing : ‘Staffing’is the term used when recruitment and selection, training and development, compensation and relesstion, etc. functions are performed for appointing and retaining managers. According to koontz, O’ Donnell and Weihrich “Staffing is the executive function which involves the recruitment, selection, compensating, training, promotions and retirement of subordinate managers.”

Yes ! It is a part of human resource management. Human resource management is a broad concept. “HRM is the art of processing, developing and maintaining suitable persons to acheive the goals of an organisation in on effective way. It is the way of optimising human competence at the work place. So that the goals of an organisation are accomplished effectively.” According to Ivancevich and Glueck, “HRM is concerned with the most effective use of people to acheive organisational and individuals goals. It is a way of managing people at work, so that they give their best to the organisation.”

Question 31.
“Co-ordination is the essence of management” Explain this statement.
Answer:
Co-ordination is the essence of management : Co-ordination is required at every step of management. It exist with each function of management planning presupposes application of the princeiples of Co-ordination for achieving objective of the fullness, managers have to ensure proper Co¬ordination among various persons and departments.

While establishing the organisational structure Co – ordination among varions positions must be given due consideration. The absence of Co-ordination weakens the effect of authority, responsibility relationship in the organisational structure. Like planning and organizing

Co-ordination has a relevance to other functions of management also. The importance of directing components, viz., communication leadership motivation and supervision increase if the Co – ordination principles have been interwoven with them. Similarly, Co-ordination enhances the importance of staffing & controlling.

Question 32.
Why is delegation necessary for an effective organisation.
Answer:
Delegation of authority is an important function of organisation, it helps in improving the managerial effectiveness. It is essential for effective organisation due to following reasons :

1. Relief to overburdened managers : As the business expand, seniors may become too heaving occupied. They may need the services of someone who can share their burden. They by the remedy by adopting the technique of delegation.
2. Improving in the quality & Quantity of work : When a single person has to do locuminous work the does it at the cost of its quality and quantity. He can take care of both if he shares it with someone. Delegation provides an opportunity to seniors for sharing their work with subordinates.
3. Sources of Enhancing job satisfaction : Delegation provides opportunities of job enlargement and job enrichment to sub-ordinates get more job satisfaction when they get additional challenging assignments.
4. Quick Decision making : Delegation also implies that delegatees will get the authority of decesions making in prescribed field. Since delegates get limited take through delegation they are able to take decesion quickly.
5. Facilitation of organisational Growth : The delegates get an exposure of doing higher level jobs. When organisation expands, the delegatees may he asked to take up the higher level positions resulting due to the expansion of the organisation.
6. Effective Co-ordination : Delegation stream lines the co-ordination and make it more effective.

Question 33.
Define Financial Management and discuss its objectives.
Answer:
Financial Management: If is the process of decision making and implementing it in all respects for the inflows and outflows of funds.
According to weston & Brighan, Financial management is an area of financial decision making, harmonising individuals motive and enterprise goals.
Objective of Financial Management :

(i) Profit Maximisation : Finance manager tries to augment the earning of profit. This may be done by procuring the optimum amount of finance by creating minimum liability on the company and by utilising the finance in the best possible way.

(ii) Wealth Maximisation : Along with the objective of profit maximisation, importance to wealth maximisation should also be attached. Both the objective should be considered side-by-side. In fact, wealth maximisation is increasingly being accepted as the goal of finance function.

Wealth of the company = No. of share X market price pershare
Wealth maximisation is a better goal of finance function since it represents the long term interest of shareholders.

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Bihar Board 12th English 50 Marks Model Question Paper 1

Time: 01 Hours 37.5 Minutes
Full Marks : 50

Instructions to the Candidates

1. Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as parcticable.
2. Figures in the right hand margin indicate full marks.
3. While answering the candidate should adhere to the words limit as far as practicable.
4. 7.5 minutes of extra time has been alloted for the candidates to read the questions and follow the instructions carefully.
5. All questions are compulsory.
6. Use of any electronic device is strictly prohibited.
7. This question paper is divided into two sections -Section -A and Section- B.
8. In Section -A, there are 25 objective type questions, rach carrying 1 mark. Darken the circle with blue/black ball pen against the correct option on OMR Sheet provided to you. Do not use Whitener/ Liquid /Blade/Nail on OMR Answer sheet; otherwise, the restlt will be treated as invalid.
9. In Section-B there are descripttive type questions.

Section – A
Objective Type Questions

Follow the instructions carefully
Choose the correct options from the choices given (25 × 1 = 25)

Question 1.
Rita is arriving ______ eight ‘o’ clock in the morning. (Choose the suitable preposition)
(a) at
(b) in
(c) on
(d) of
Answer:
(a) at

Question 2.
I like to drink coffee ______ the morning. (Choose the suitable preposition)
(a) on
(b) in
(c) at
(d) by
Answer:
(c) at

Question 3.
Where’s Sudha ? She’s ______ school. (Choose the suitable preposition)
(a) off
(b) over
(c) at
(d) after
Answer:
(d) after

Question 4.
Do you want to go to ______ restaurant where we first met. (Choose the suitable article)
(a) a
(b) the
(c) an
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) an

Question 5.
He teaches English. (Choose the suitable passive voice)
(a) English was teached by him.
(b) English is taught by him.
(c) He was taught English.
(d) He is taught English.
Answer:
(b) English is taught by him.

Question 6.
Portuguese is spoken in Brazil. (Choose the suitable active voice)
(a) People will be speaking Portuguese in Brazil.
(b) People had spoken Portuguese in Brazil
(c) People spoke Portuguese in Brazil.
(d) People speak Portuguese in Brazil.
Answer:
(d) People speak Portuguese in Brazil.

Question 7.
Choose the correctly spelt word :
(a) Almost
(b) Alimost
(c) Alimost
(d) Alimust
Answer:
(a) Almost

Question 8.
Choose the correct meaning of the phrase ‘take after’.
(a) assemble
(b) resemble
(c) dissemble
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) dissemble

Question 9.
Choose the correct meaning of the phrase ‘take after’.
(a) fasten
(b) discard
(c) close
(d) do again
Answer:
(c) close

Question 10.
You are honest. (Choose the best combination of sentences)
(a) Yet you are honest, I will trust you.
(b) But you are honest, I will trust you.
(c) Since you are honest, I will trust you.
(d) That you are honest, I will trust you.
Answer:
(a) Yet you are honest, I will trust you.

Question 11.
You ______ come with us if you don’t want to. (Choose the suitable option)
(a) don’t have to
(b) mightn’t .
(c) musn’t
(d) couldn’t
Answer:
(d) couldn’t

Question 12.
If Rohan does that, Sunita ______ (Choose the suitable option)
(a) screamed
(b) have screamed
(c) will scream
(d) can screamed
Answer:
(b) have screamed

Question 13.
She spoke ______ mistakes. (Choose the suitable option)
(a) quiet
(b) quietly
(c) be quiet
(d) will quiet
Answer:
(c) be quiet

Question 14.
Mary makes ______ mistakes. (Choose, the suitable option)
(a) carefree
(b) silly
(c) careful
(d) wrong
Answer:
(c) careful

Question 15.
Mohan was ______ hurt in a car accident. (Choose the suitable option)
(a) seriously
(b) be serious
(c) serious
(d) much serious
Answer:
(a) seriously

Question 16.
The sentence ‘Thus the world has now for the first time a chance of becoming a single whole, a unity is from : (Choose the suitable option)
(a) Our Own Civilization
(b) On Letter Writing
(c) With the Photographer
(d) Forgetting
Answer:
(a) Our Own Civilization

Question 17.
Letter writing destroys ______ (Choose the suitable option)
(a) friendship
(b) relationship
(c) distance
(d) intimacy
Answer:
(b) relationship

Question 18.
‘Good Manner’s written by : (Choose the suitable option)
(a) R. Lynd
(b) L. Leacock
(c) A.G. Gardiner
(d) J.C. Hill
Answer:
(d) J.C. Hill

Question 19.
‘I will arise and go now and go to Innisfree’; who says this ?
(a) Rudyard Kipling
(b) W.B. Yeats
(c) Rupert Brooke
(d) Walter de la Mare
Answer:
(c) Rupert Brooke

Question 20.
Rudyard Kipling was born in Bombay but education in ______ (Choose the correct option)
(a) England
(b) Africa
(c) America
(d) China
Answer:
(a) England

Question 21.
“Everyong Sang” has been written by : (Choose the correct option)
(a) W.B. Yeats
(b) Rudyard Kipling
(c) Siegfried Sassoon
(d) Rupert Brooke
Answer:
(b) Rudyard Kipling

Question 22.
Who is David’s primary good influence ? (Choose the correct option)
(a) Dora
(b) Miss Betsey
(c) Agnes
(d) Peggotty
Answer:
(c) Agnes

Question 23.
How David end up at Miss Betsey’s (Choose the correct option)
(a) He runs away from home
(b) He runs away from Salem House
(c) He runs away from the wine factory.
(d) He funs away from Mr. Mecawber’s.
Answer:
(d) He funs away from Mr. Mecawber’s.

Question 24.
Mr. Wickfield suffers from ______ (Choose the correct option)
(a) Alcoholism
(b) Insomnia
(c) Cancer
(d) Chronic illness
Answer:
(a) Alcoholism

Question 25.
Who begins to court David’s mother ? (Choose the correct option)
(a) Mr. Creakle
(b) Mr. Copperfield
(c) Mr. Micawber
(d) Mr. Murdstone
Answer:
(c) Mr. Micawber

Section – B
Non-Objective Type Questions

Question 1.
Answer any two of the following, each in about 75 words of the following (2 × 5 = 10)

a. What had the photographer done with the author’s eyes, ears and mouth ?
Answer:
On Saturday the author went back to the studio to see the proof. He was stunned to notice that the picture did not look like his own. The eyes, said the photographer, had been retouched in order to make them look better, the eyebrows, were removed with a chemical, sulphide in order to make out a new brow line. The mouth had also been adjusted. As for the ears, they could also be fixed all right in the final print.

b. What does the writer of ‘Good Mannser’s say about truth
Answer:
The writer of this extract says that truth is never a one sided affair, ‘It takes two to speak the truth; one can not speak the truth by saying what one thinks is truth. What we say is never an absolute truth for it has different meaning for different persons under different situations.

c. Why was letter writing done more carefully in the past ?
Answer:
Letter-writing was done more carefully in the past because at those days people had more leisure for such work and postage was much more expensive than it is today.

d. Who, according to Rebort lynd, need good memories ?
Answer:
Yes, the author thinks that poets need good memories minded are half the substance of their art. So they need good memories.

e. What is our chief hope for preventing war ?
Answer:
Our chief hope for preventing war is the formation of some sort of world government.

Question 2.
Show in about 75 words that you have read and understand anyone of the following

(a) If
(b) Everyone Sang
(c) Echo
Answer:
(a) If : The poet tells us to be firm in our stand we should give concession to the ideas of other people who was doubt our activities and idoligies. It is his view that when others are defeated and they think responsible for their. Defeat we should come a fig for them. If son e body doubts our integrity we should go on with our honest work. If we can wait and one not tired of waiting we should not speak a lie. If we are being hated by other we should not hate others in nature we should not be self rightous if we can talk wisely and intelligently.

We should of course, dream but we should be the master our dream. If we have capacity to think, we should not make ourthoghts our aim. They should not be treated equally. If we have capacity to think, we should not make our thoghts our aim. They should not be treated equally. If we have strength to the tolerate the trouble disterted by Scomdrels to troable otheres folle. We must cultivats it, we must watch each and every activity in life.

(b) Everyone Sang : “Every one Sang” is a lyric composed by S. Sassoon a great war poet of Twentieth Century. The poet was engaged in war activities so he had witnessed the horror of war. In November 1918 the Germans were defeated and asked for armistice. When the news of armistice came it was a day of great joy and happiness. This poem is an expression of joy for freedom. The war was fought for freedom and the defeat of Germany was sure so the poet is over-joyed that the mission for fighting a war was to be fulfilled, Secondly the soldiers who were away form their Kith and Kin were to set free and now they would be able to see their relatives. So the news of armistice brought a great pleasure to them.

The poet compares a soldier to a bird which gets freedom from its cage. As a bird is set free from its cage, it goes on flying in the open sky. I files till it is out of sight in the vast blue sky. Likewise the soldier is set free from the barracks and frenches and he is over-joyed to hear that the war is over. He starts singing a song which symbolises his joy for freedom.

In the second stanza the poet comes from ‘Delight’ to ‘Beauty’ the horror of war vanishes and every where it is beautiful. The poet thinks of the beauty coming from “The setting sun and he almost cries out of joy” “My heart was shaken with tears”. The delight and the beauty which emerge from the clouds of war are more deelper and permanent than the joys of birds which get freedom from their cages. The soldiers are filled with intense joy and they can not giver expression to their joys in words. It is a permanent joy because the armistice would bring a permanent peace on the world. Though the feelings of joy were expressed on the day of armistice but we can also take the poem in a general way expressing the feelings of day and freedom

(c) Echo : ‘Echo’ deals with a very simple human experience, that is, how does any sound echo. The speaker stood in a forest and said who called ? No sooner it was spoken than the sound returned, ‘who called ? who called.’ Actually the speaker’s sound travelled through the clear open spaces in the forest. The sound ‘who called’ rang in the atmosphere. The birds were puzzled they could not locate the source of the sound. The speaker was no less baffled as to how his words were echoed back, what was the object . which returned his sound ?

The speaker stood in the open space of a thick forest. He imagines as if is sound went upto the leaves of the farthest branches of the trees. Those leaves seemed to pass it on to the sun. Beneath the trees the air was dark. When he said, ‘who called ?’ loudly, the leaves made hissing sound, the dark air carried his cry to the region not known to he speaker.

In the third stanza of the poem the poet imagines as if there were some mysterious creatures behind the rees who were looking at him but he was not able to spot them out. Perhaps his call was returned by those mysterious creatures.. His simple ‘who called ?’ was mockingly returned to him in the form of ‘who called’, was called.

The speaker perhaps did not like this mocking tone, he reacted sharply and cried in his loud shrill voice ‘who cares ?’ The wind slowed down. Once again his voice was reflected back and who cares, Who cares ? rang throughout the forest. The speaker heard his own weeping tone.

Question 3.
Answer in about 75 words anyone of the following (5)

a. Discuss the autobiographical not in novels or Dikens.
Answer:
Dickens’s novels contain a great deal of autobiography, David Copperfield contains a large amount of autobiography. His early knowledge of low life of London supplied material for Oliver Twist, his school days for Nicholas Nickleby, his visit to the Marshalsea, where his father was imprisoned, for Little Porrit, his life in a law office for treatment of legal matters in Bleak House and other novels.

Dickens has thrown light on the society of his days, with the impact of the Industrial Revolution, when children were employed in factories, where most of the schools were inefficient and selfishly motivated like Mr. Creakle’s school, and even law fell into hands of selfish people. Being written in the first person, the novels of Dickens excite the reader’s sympathy for the hero easily than it would have done otherwise.

b. Give a character sketch of either Mr. Micawber or Dora.
Answer:
Mr. Micawber – Mr. Micawber is one of the most memorable characters in the novel. He is as immortal as Falstaff or Don Quixote. According to a critic Wilkins, Micawber is “the supreme example of Dickens’s power to make us sympathize with a character whom we might well avoid in real life.” He is a delightful, rather humorous appearance. At his first meeting, David describes Mr. Micawber as stoutish middle-aged person, in a brown shirt and black tights and shoes, with no more hair upon his head (which was a large one and shining) than there is upon an egg; and with a very extensive face, which he turned full upon me.

His clothes were shabby but he had an imposing shirt-collar on. He carried a showy sort of stick with a large pair of silk tassels to it, and a large eye-glass hung outside his coat for the sake of ornaments.”

According to Mr. G.K. Chesterton, “Mr. Micawber is a man who cannot be made to understand the tyranny of time or the limit of human hope and further, “Micawber ‘‘interrupts practical life but what is practical life that it should venture to interrupt Micawber ?” It cannot be too much repeated that the whole lesson of Dickens is here. It is better to know Micawber than not to know the inner worries that arise out of knowing Micawber. It is better to have bad debt and a good friend.”

According to Compton-Rickett, “Mr. Micawber is another type of the attractive mercurial temperament, ready to look on the bright side of things at the smallest provocation. Apart from this, the needy, improvement man would have served the stem moralists purposes almost as well as Swiveller. But really we are scarcely conscious of his faults, so delighted are we by his company. This it may be said, is due to the author making unfair use of his gift of humour and idealising the man out of all human probability. That he idealises may be admitted.”

c. What is the role of miss Jane Murdstone in David Copperfield ?
Answer:
She is an unworthy sister of an unworthy brother. She is Mr. Murdstone’s sister and is like her brother in so many respects. She is cruel like her brother. She is a gloomy looking lady, dark like her brother whom she greatly resembles in face and voice. She has heavy eyebrows, nearly meeting over her large nose, as if being disabled by the wrongs of her sex from wearing whiskers.

She has carried them to the extent. She moves into blunderstone soon after Mr. Murstone marries Cara Copperfield and brings with her two uncompromising, hard, black boxes, bearing her initials on the lid in hard brass nails. She is in David’s phrase ‘a metallic lady’ made upon lead-heart, She is awesome and dreadful. She is suspicious character.

She cannot believe people easily. She is also suspicious of servants, suspicious of Mrs. Copperfield and suspicious of David. Though Miss Jane Murdstone visits Church regularly yet she is most unchristian. She has no Christian virtues with her. She is neither full of charity nor full of mercy. David rightly describes her and her brother’s influence on him as the fascination of two snakes on a wretched bird. The death of Mrs. Copperfield may be asciribed to her tyranny.

It is she who dismiss Peggotty and sends David to work under miserable conditions at Murdstone and Grinby’s at the early age of ten. She is thus a she-devil. She cunningly turns Mr. Murdstone against David by giving false reports about David. She tries to cast her evil spell on David’s life once again when he falls in love with Dora and finds that Miss Murdstone is her constant companion though Dora does not like her.

Question 4.
Write a paragraph in about 75 words on anyone of the following

(a) A stitch in time saves nine
(b) Importance of Education
(c) Knowledge is Power
(d) Water Pollution
(e) Wonders of Science
Answer:
(a) A stitch in time saves nine : A stitch in time saves nine : Someone has very aptly and wisely said that a stitch in time saves nine. It contains an invaluable piece of sane advice, which we constantly hear from our teachers in school and elders at home. This highly useful, didactic dictate applies to every field of activity. It implies that work done in time saves a lot of labour, later on.

To illustrate it further, it can be said that suppose there is a tear in your shirt, the wisest thing is to stitch it up without any delay, otherwise there will be tears all the way down, which would require a lot more labor and time to put a patch on it. And the final effect too would not be as tidy as it would have been, if it had been stitched during the initial stage. Again the same principle applies as regards your lessons.

If one does not study through the year and hopes to pass examinations only by studying at the last moment,much more effort and time will have to be put in at the eleventh hour and still the retention would not be as effective as it would have been, if the work was done regularly through the year. Yet again, a delayed action quite often causes serious misunderstanding and even loss of friendship, where replying to letters is concerned. Certainly, letter-writing is not everyone’s cup of tea, but certain tasks have to be done and it is the best if they are done without losing any time.

For instance, if one postpones replying to a friend’s or a relative’s letter, the other person might feel humiliated, thinking that one does hot care for him or her enough. It would require one to make excuses and apologize again and again to pacify the person concerned. Is it not then better to reply to a letter in time, rather than come out with false excuses at the last moment ?Taking the right action a an opportunity time is even more important where friendship is concerned.

A wrong action committed knowingly or unknowingly, should be apologized for immediately. The more an apology is delayed, the more distant will a friend become and one may even lose the friendship forever. And this happens when one delays making timely amends.

(b) Importance of Education : Education is very important toll for everyone to succeed in life and get something different. It helps a lot in lessening the challenges of life difficult life. Knowledge . gained throughout the education period enables each and every individual confident about their life. It opens various doors to the opportunities of achieving better prospects in life so promotes career growth. Many awareness programmed has been run by the government in enhance the value of education in rural areas. It brings feeling of equality among all people in the society and promotes growth and development of the country.

Education plays a paramount role in the modern technological world. Now-a-days, there are many ways to enhance the education level. The whole criteria of education have been changed now. We can study through the distance leaning programmers after the 12th standard together with the job. Education is not so costly, anyone one with less money may study continuously. We can get admission in the big and popular universities with fewer fees through the distance learning. Other small training institutes are providing education to enhance the skill level in particular field.

(c) Knowledge is Power ; Knowledge is power is the famous proverb which means knowledge is very powerful and has ability to win over all other physical power in the world. Once a person gets power of knowledge, he/she do not need to fear from other power. Knowledge plays great role in all aspects of the life by know the easy and effective ways to solve the circumstances. Knowledge is a very powerful factor which helps us to easily get name, fame, success, power and position in the life.

We can say that money and physical strength are also important tools of power; Money and physical strength cannot buy or steal the knowledge; it can only be achieved by the continuous practice, devotion, and patience.

Knowledge helps us to convert our planning into the right action and enables to get the difference between right or wrong and good or bad. It helps us to overcome our weaknesses and faults as well as makes us able to face the dangers and difficulties by giving lots of courage and confidence. It makes a person more powerful by giving him mental, moral and spiritual advancement in the life

(d) Water Pollution : The level of fresh drinking water is becoming less day by day on the earth. There is a limited availability of drinking water on the earth however the too is getting polluted because of human activities. It is tough to estimate the possibility of life on the earth in the absence of fresh drinking water.

Water pollution is the mixing of foreign substances by means of organic, inorganic, biological and radiological in the water degrading the quality and usefulness of water.

Hazardous pollutants may contain various types of impurities including harmful chemicals, dissolved gases, suspended matters, dissolved minerals, and even microbes. All the contaminants reduce the level of dissolved oxygen in the water and affecting the lives of animals and human beings to a great extent. Dissolved oxygen in the oxygen present in water required by the aquatic system to continue the lives of plants and animals, however biochemical oxygen is the demanded oxygen by the aerobic micro-organisms to oxidize organic matters of wastes.

Water pollution is caused by two means, one is natural water pollution (due to the leaching of rocks, decay of organic matters, decay of dead matters, silting, soi erosion, etc) and another one is man¬made water pollution (due to the deforestation, set up of industries near large water bodies, high level emission of industrial wastes, domestic sewae, synthetic chemicals, radio-active wastes, fertilizers, insecticides, pesticides etc),

(e) Wonders of Science : New ways of preserving and flavoring the food items are being invented through research in meals technology. A vast variety of plastic and different artificial supplies have been created which have hundreds of uses in the home and in industry.

Antibiotics and vaccinations defend us from infectious illnesses and health problems. Nowadays there are slight or no possibilities of an infant getting disease because births now happen in hospitals under the supervision of specialized staff. Science has invented vaccines for infants to defend them from prospective life illnesses.

Sanitary condition has improved a lot than before. Drainage system has been modernized. Filtered & mineral water is available to overcome diseases and other illness caused due to water pollution. Means of transport has also undergone a giant enhancement and change.

Superstitions have been discarded and attitude has been changed towards everything. ‘ People now no more consider that diseases are caused by evil spirits. People have become open-minded and cosmopolitan due to the research in the field of science and technology, as a result, Scientist always tries to search out new issues, explorations, discoveries, and inventions.

The role of science is important in our everyday life. The various contributions of science have made our existence more relaxed and comfortable. The magnificent inventions of science like electricity, fans, air-conditioners, television, mobile phones, motor vehicles, etc. have eased our life, and now it is almost impossible to live without using them.

Bihar Board 9th Objective Questions and Answers

Bihar Board 9th Maths Objective Questions and Answers Key Pdf Download

Bihar Board 9th Maths Objective Questions and Answers in Hindi

• Chapter 1 संख्या पद्धति
• Chapter 2 बहुपद
• Chapter 3 निर्देशांक ज्यामिति
• Chapter 4 दो चरों वाले रैखिक समीकरण
• Chapter 5 युक्लिड के ज्यामिति का परिचय
• Chapter 6 रेखाएँ और कोण
• Chapter 7 त्रिभुज
• Chapter 8 चतुर्भुज
• Chapter 9 समान्तर चतुर्भुज और त्रिभुजों के क्षेत्रफल
• Chapter 10 वृत्त
• Chapter 11 रचनाएँ
• Chapter 12 हीरोन सूत्र
• Chapter 13 पृष्ठीय क्षेत्रफल एवं आयतन
• Chapter 14 सांख्यिकी
• Chapter 15 प्रायिकता
• Bihar Board 9th Maths Objective Model Set 1
• Bihar Board 9th Maths Objective Model Set 2

Bihar Board 9th Maths Objective Questions and Answers in English

• Chapter 1 Number Systems
• Chapter 2 Polynomials
• Chapter 3 Coordinate Geometry
• Chapter 4 Linear Equations in Two Variables
• Chapter 5 Introduction to Euclids Geometry
• Chapter 6 Lines and Angles
• Chapter 7 Triangles
• Chapter 8 Quadrilaterals
• Chapter 9 Areas of Parallelograms and Triangles
• Chapter 10 Circles
• Chapter 11 Constructions
• Chapter 12 Heron’s Formula
• Chapter 13 Surface Areas and Volumes
• Chapter 14 Statistics
• Chapter 15 Probability