Bihar Board 12th Biology Objective Answers Chapter 15 Biodiversity and Conservation

Bihar Board 12th Biology Objective Questions and Answers

Bihar Board 12th Biology Objective Answers Chapter 15 Biodiversity and Conservation

Question 1.
The term biodiversity is popularised by
(a) Odum
(b) Paul Ehrlich
(c) Edward Wilson
(d) Tilman.
Answer:
(c) Edward Wilson

Question 2.
Western ghats have a greater number of amphibian species than the Eastern ghats. What kind of diversity does it represent ?
(a) Species diversity
(b) Genetic diversity
(c) Ecological diversity
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Species diversity

Question 3.
The diversity of organisms sharing the same habitat or community is termed as
(a) alpha diversity
(b) beta diversity
(c) gamma diversity
(d) delta diverstiy
Answer:
(a) alpha diversity

Question 4.
Alpha diversity is biodiversity present
(a) within community
(b) between communities
(c) ranges of communities
(d) none of these.
Answer:
(a) within community

Question 5.
A more conservative and scientifically sound estimate about the total number of species present on earth, was made by
(a) Robert May
(b) Paul Ehrlich
(c) David Tilman
(d) Both A and B.
Answer:
(a) Robert May

Question 6.
What is the total number of species present on earth as estimated by Robert May ?
(a) 3 million
(b) 5 million
(c) 7 million
(d) 9 million
Answer:
(c) 7 million

Question 7.
India is one of the 17 megadiversity countries of the world and is being divided into ________ biogeographical regions.
(a) 8
(b) 10
(c) 16
(d) 18
Answer:
(b) 10

Question 8.
Species diversity ______ as one moves from high to low altitudes.
(a) increases
(b) decreases
(c) first increases then decreases
(d) first decreases then increases
Answer:
(a) increases

Question 9.
Tropics (23.5°N to 23.5°S) have _________ species as compared to temperate or polar regions.
(a) less
(b) equal
(c) more
(d) none of these
Answer:
(c) more

Question 10.
For frugivorous birds and mammals in the tropical forests of different continents, the slope is found to be
(a) 0.6
(b) 1.3
(c) 1.15
(d) 1.7
Answer:
(c) 1.15

Question 11.
Who confirmed communities with more species tend to be more stable than those with less species ?
(a) Alexander von Humboidt
(b) David Tilman
(c) Paul Ehrlich
(d) Edward Wilson
Answer:
(b) David Tilman

Question 12.
Rivert popper hypothesis was given by
(a) Paul Ehrlich
(b) Alexander von Humboldt
(c) David Tilman
(d) Robert May.
Answer:
(a) Paul Ehrlich

Question 13.
Organisation responsible for maintaining Red Data Book is
(a) IUCN
(b) WWF
(c) CITES
(d) IBWL.
Answer:
(a) IUCN

Question 14.
Red Data Book deals with
(a) organisms on the verge of extinction
(b) endemic plants
(c) organisms showing photoperiodism
(d) organisms that are extinct.
Answer:
(a) organisms on the verge of extinction

Question 15.
How many species are documented to be extinct in last 500 years by IUCN Red List, 2004 ?
(a) 2,000
(b) 87
(c) 567
(d) 784
Answer:
(d) 784

Question 16.
Bali, Javan and Caspian are
(a) species of tiger
(b) species of Cheetah
(c) subspecies of cheetah
(d) subspecies of tiger.
Answer:
(d) subspecies of tiger.

Question 17.
Antilope cervicapra (black buck) is
(a) near threatened
(b) endangered
(c) critically endangered
(d) extinct in the wild.
Answer:
(a) near threatened

Question 18.
A critically endangered animal is
(a) passenger pigeon
(b) dodo
(c) great Indian bustard
(d) zebu.
Answer:
(c) great Indian bustard

Question 19.
The term “the evil quartet” is related with four major causes of
(a) forest loss
(b) population explosion
(c) air pollution
(d) biodiversity losses.
Answer:
(d) biodiversity losses.

Question 20.
An exotic species that is introduced to a new area, spreads rapidly and eliminates native species is called
(a) immigrant species
(b) invasive species
(c) destructive species
(d) none of these.
Answer:
(b) invasive species

Question 21.
Introduction of Nile Perch in lake Victoria of South Africa resulted in
(a) excessive growth of water weeds
(b) elimination of water weeds
(c) elimination of many species of cichlid fish
(d) excessive growth of cichlid fish.
Answer:
(c) elimination of many species of cichlid fish

Question 22.
The exotic speices, which when introduced in India became notorious weed, is
(a) Lantana camara
(b) Eicchornia crassipes
(c) Parthenium hysterophorus
(d) all of these.
Answer:
(d) all of these.

Question 23.
Introduction of alien species into new area poses a threat to extinction of indigenous species due to
(a) their high nutrient requirement
(b) their symbiotic relationship
(c) absence of their natural predators
(d) more intraspecific competition.
Answer:
(c) absence of their natural predators

Question 24.
The reasons behind conserving biodiversity have been grouped into which of the following categories ?
(a) Narrowly utilitarian
(b) Broadly utilitarian
(c) Ethical
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

Question 25.
__________ is the exploration of molecular, genetic and species-level diversity for gaining the products of economic importance.
(a) Exploitation
(b) Bioprospecting
(c) Co-extinction
(d) Patenting
Answer:
(b) Bioprospecting

Question 26.
Amazon rainforests are considered as ‘lungs of the planet’ as they contribute ___________of the total oxygen in the earth’s atmosphere.
(a) 10%
(b) 15%
(c) 20%
(d) 30%
Answer:
(c) 20%

Question 27.
‘Broadly utilitarian’ argument for the conservation of biodiversity does not include
(a) bioprospecting
(b) pollination
(c) aesthetic value
(d) climatic regulation.
Answer:
(a) bioprospecting

Question 28.
Waking up to a bulbul’s song in the morning is related to
(a) narrow utilitarian
(b) broadly utilitarian
(c) ethical
(d) climatic regulation.
Answer:
(b) broadly utilitarian

Question 29.
Exsitu conservation is used for the conservation of
(a) all plants
(b) all animals
(c) threatened animals and plants
(d) both (a) and (b).
Answer:
(c) threatened animals and plants

Question 30.
Conservation in the natural habitat is
(a) in situ
(b) ex situ
(c) zoo
(d) botanical garden.
Answer:
(a) in situ

Question 31.
Presently, total number of biodiversity hotspots in the world is
(a) 25
(b) 34
(c) 37
(d) 40.
Answer:
(b) 34

Question 32.
Which one of these is not included in the biodiversity hotspots of India ?
(a) Western Ghats
(b) Himalayas
(c) Indo-Burma
(d) North Indian Plains
Answer:
(d) North Indian Plains

Question 33.
Ecological hotspots present in India are
(a) one
(b) two
(c) three
(d) five.
Answer:
(c) three

Question 34.
Which pair of geographical area shows maximum diversity in our country ?
(a) Sunderbans and Rann of Kutch
(b) Eastern Ghats and Western Ghats
(c) Eastern Himalayas and Western Ghats
(d) Kerala and Punjab
Answer:
(c) Eastern Himalayas and Western Ghats

Question 35.
In a national park, protection is provided to
(a) flora and fauna
(b) entire ecosystem
(c) fauna only
(d) flora only.
Answer:
(b) entire ecosystem

Question 36.
__________ National Park was the first national park of India.
(a) Jim Corbett
(b) Nanda Devi
(c) Kaziranga
(d) Jaldapara
Answer:
(a) Jim Corbett

Question 37.
First biosphere reserve was established in 1986 at
(a) Nilgiri
(b) nanda Devi
(c) Rann of Kutch
(d) Sunderbans.
Answer:
(a) Nilgiri

Question 38.
Nanda Devi biosphere reserve is found in
(a) Uttaranchal
(b) Assam
(c) Himachal Pardesh
(d) Andhra Pradesh.
Answer:
(a) Uttaranchal

Question 39.
MAB Programmed means
(a) Man and biosphere programme
(b) Man and biodiversity conservation programme
(c) Manually aided biosphere conservation programme
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(a) Man and biosphere programme

Question 40.
Which of these organisms are protected by people of ‘Bishnoi’ community of Rajasthan ?
(a) Prosopis cineraria
(b) Black buck
(c) Bhojpatra
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer:
(d) Both (a) and (b)

Question 41.
The one-horned rhinoceros is specific to which of the following sanctuaries ?
(a) Bharatpur
(b) vedanthgol
(c) Kaziranga
(d) Corbett Park
Answer:
(c) Kaziranga

Question 42.
Which of the following is not an example of in situ conservation ?
(a) Biosphere reserves
(b) National parks
(c) Wildilife sanctuaries
(d) Zoological parks
Answer:
(d) Zoological parks

Question 43.
One of the ex situ conservation methods for endangered species is
(a) wildlife sanctuaries
(b) biosphere reserves
(c) cryopreservation
(d) national parks.
Answer:
(c) cryopreservation

Question 44.
Cryopreservation is the preservation of germplasm at very low temperature of around
(a) – 121°C
(b) – 196°C
(c) 0°C
(d) – 101°C
Answer:
(b) – 196°C

Question 45.
What is common to the seed banks, orchards, tissue culture and cryopreservation ?
(a) All are in situ conservation methods.
(b) All are ex situ conservation methods.
(c) All require ultramodern equipment and very large space.
(d) All are methods of conservation of extinct organisms.
Answer:
(b) All are ex situ conservation methods.

Question 46.
First ‘Earth Summit’ for ‘Convention on Biological Diversity’ (CBD) was held at
(a) Johannesberg (2002), South Africa
(b) Rio de Janeiro (1992), Brazil
(c) Dehradun (1992), India
(d) New York (2000), U.S.A.
Answer:
(b) Rio de Janeiro (1992), Brazil

Question 47.
Symbol of WWf is
(a) tiger
(b) Rhododendron
(c) white bear
(d) giant panda.
Answer:
(d) giant panda.

Question 48.
Which of the following countries has the highest biodiversity ?
(a) Brazil
(b) South Africa
(c) Russia
(d) India
Answer:
(a) Brazil

Question 49.
Which of the following is not a cause for loss of biodiversity ?
(a) Destruction of habitat
(b) Invasion by alien species
(c) Keeping animals in zoological parks
(d) Over-exploitation of natural resources
Answer:
(c) Keeping animals in zoological parks

Question 50.
Which of the following is not an invasive alien species in the Indian context ?
(a) Lantana
(b) Cynodon
(c) Parthenium
(d) Eichhornia
Answer:
(b) Cynodon

Question 51.
Where among the following will you find pitcher plant ?
(a) Rainforest of North-East India
(b) Sunderbans
(c) The Desert
(d) Western Ghats
Answer:
(a) Rainforest of North-East India

Question 52.
Which one of the following is not a feature of biodiversity hotspots ?
(a) Large number of species
(b) Abundance of endemic species
(c) Mostly located in the polar regions
(d) Mostly located in the tropics
Answer:
(c) Mostly located in the polar regions

Question 53.
What is common to the following plants : Nepenthes, Psiiotum, Rauwolfia and Aconitum ?
(a) All are ornamental plants.
(b) All are phylogenic link species.
(c) All are prone to over exploitation.
(d) All are exclusively present in the Eastern Himalayas.
Answer:
(c) All are prone to over exploitation.

Question 54.
The one-horned rhinoceros is specific to which of the following sanctuary ?
(a) Bhitar Kanika
(b) Bandipur
(c) Kaziranga
(d) Corbett park
Answer:
(c) Kaziranga

Question 55.
Which one of the following is an endangered plant species of India ?
(a) Rauwolfia serpentina
(b) Santalum album (Sandalwood)
(c) Cycas beddonei
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(b) Santalum album (Sandalwood)

Question 56.
What is common to Lantana, Eichhornia and African catfish ?
(a) All are endangered species of India.
(b) All are keystone species.
(c) All are mammals found in India.
(d) All the species are neither threatened nor indigenous species of India.
Answer:
(d) All the species are neither threatened nor indigenous species of India.

Question 57.
The extinction of passenger pigeon was due to
(a) increased number of predatory birds
(b) over exploitation by humans
(c) non-availability of the food
(d) bird flu virus infection.
Answer:
(b) over exploitation by humans

Question 58.
Which of the following statements is correct ?
(a) Parthenium is an endemic species of our country.
(b) Arican catfish is not a threat to indigenous catfishes.
(c) Steller’s sea cow is an extinct animal.
(d) Lantana is popularly known as carrot grass.
Answer:
(c) Steller’s sea cow is an extinct animal.

Question 59.
Which of the following forests is known as the ‘lungs of the planet earth’ ?
(a) Taiga forest
(b) Tundra forest
(c) Amazon rainforest
(d) Rainforests of North East India
Answer:
(c) Amazon rainforest

Question 60.
The active chemical drug reserpine is obtained from
(a) Datura
(b) Rauwolfia
(c) Atropa
(d) Papaver.
Answer:
(b) Rauwolfia

Question 61.
Which of the following group exhibit more species diversity ?
(a) Gymnosperms
(b) Algae
(c) Bryophytes
(d) Fungi
Answer:
(d) Fungi

Question 62.
Which of the below mentioned regions exhibit less seasonal variations ?
(a) Tropics
(b) Temperates
(c) Alpines
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer:
(a) Tropics

Question 63.
The historic convention on Biological Diversity held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 is known as
(a) CITES Convention
(b) The Earth Summit
(c) G – 16 Summit
(d) MAB Programme.
Answer:
(b) The Earth Summit