Bihar Board Class 8 English Book Solutions Chapter 16 Harvesting Rain

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Bihar Board Class 8 English Harvesting Rain Text Book Questions and Answers

A. Warmer

Question 1.
Do you like to play in the rain ? List the things which you do in the rainwater. Have you ever seen people collecting rain water ? How do they collect the water ?
Answer:
Ail children play in the rain. I also play in the rain. I run in the rain water. I play with the rainwater. Yes, I have seen people collecting rain water. They collect it in their buckets and tubs or large vessels.

B. Let’s Comprehend

B. 1. Think and Tell

B. 1. 1. Answer the following questions orally.

Question 1.
When is collecting water a very thrilling experience ?
Answer:
After facing scarcity or shortage of water for a long time.

Question 2.
When does the rainwater harvesting become useful and necessary ?
Answer:
In summer season.

Question 3.
What is a necessary step before collecting rain water ?
Answer:
To build slopping roofs attached with pipe going to ground connected with a cement tank to collect rain water.

B. 1. 2. State whether the following statements are true or false

Question 1.

1. The islands of Maldives received rainfall from North West monsoon.
2. The people in Maldives depend entirely on rain water harvesting for their needs for water.
3. All houses in Maldives have the sloping roofs made of corrugated iron.
4. The author’s school had water round the year.
5. Rain water is highly dependable.

Answer:

1. False
2. True
3. False
4. False
5. False

B. 2. Think and Write

B. 2. 1. Given below are the steps for harvesting rain in Maldives. But they are not in proper order. Put them in proper order.

1. The tank has a tap at its base.
2. Each newly built house is fitted with slopping roofs. made of corrugated iron.
3. Some house have a system for locking the tap.
4. This is ideal for collecting rainwater.
5. The pipe is extended in such a way as to deliver the water into tank.
6. Gutters are nailed to the base of the roof and sealed off at one end.
7. Die other end of gutter has a pipe that leads to a huge tank made of cement

Answer:
The proper order is as such:
2. Each newly build house is fitted with slopping roofs made of corrugated iron.
4. This is ideal for collecting rainwater.
6. Gutters are nailed to the base of the roof and sealed off at one end.
7. The other end of gutter has a pipe that leads to a huge tank made of cement.
5. The pipe is extended in such a way as to deliver the water into tank.
1. The tank has as tap at its base.
3. Some houses have a system for locking the tap.

B. 2. 2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words.

Question 1.
Ground water is becoming scarce and still its uses are many in our daily life. How can we gather and save water ?
Answer:
We should save water by following the process of rain-water harvesting. For this houses should have slopping roofs attached with corrugated iron pipe attached to a cement tank on the ground.

Question 2.
All of us enjoy rain. We get drenched in it. We play with the paper boats. What was the author’s experience of collecting rain water ?
Answer:
The author’s family had faced severe water shortage in the summers. So, they used to store rain-water in buckets and other pots.

Question 3.
Our parents and teachers instruct us not to drench ourselves in the 1st rain shower. Why according to the author the early rain water in the season should be allowed to go a waste ?
Answer:
In the process of rain-water-harvesting the early rain water should be allowed to go a waste as to clean the roof and the tank properly.

Question 4.
Huge amount of rain water is lost in our country. It is the wastage of natural resource. Do you agree with this view ? Give reasons.
Answer:
It is quite rightly said that huge amount of rain water be wasted in our country. I agree to it. It is due to lack of seriousness and sincerity to save the rain water or drinking water.

C. Word Study

C. 1. Correct the following words to make them meaningful.

Question 1.
(Experiance, corrgated, dilighted, incouraged, abundent)
Answer:

1. Experience – Experience
2. Corragated – Corrugated
3. Dilighted – Delighted
4. Incouraged – Encouraged
5. Abundent – Abundant

C. 2. Match the words in A with their meaning in B

Question 1.

Answer:

C. 3. Pick out the words which are opposite in meaning from the text

Question 1.
(plenty, wet, empty, always, lost)
Answer:
Words Opposite – words from the text

1. Plenty – Shortage
2. Wet – Dry
3. Empty – Filled
4. Always – Sometimes
5. Lost – Found

C. 4. Find out the sentences in which the following words have been used in the lesson. Then use these words in your own sentences.

Question 1.
(shortage, thrilling, experience, groundwater)
Answer:
shortage – I have shortage of money, right now.
thrilling – To climb on the hill was a thrilling experience for me.
experience – You must experience climbing on a hill.
groundwater – Ground water becomes almost dry in the summer season.

D. Grammar

D. 1. Participles used as adjectives.

Look at the following sentence :

collecting water during the June showers, especially after facing severe water shortage all summer was a thrilling experience.

Here, ’thrilling’ is a present participle (verb + -ing) used as an adjective. The past participle (verb + ed or -en) is also used as anadjective : e.g., ‘broken leg’. Look at some more examples :

Present participles	Past participles
1. We saw an entertaining movie. 2. Robot is an exciting movie. 3. Robot has amazing visuals.	1. I kept the tickets in sealed envelopes. 2. I wasn’t bored during the movie. 3. Are you interested in action movies ?

In some cases, both the present participle and the past participle of the same verb can be used as adjective. For example:

amazing	amazed	frightening	frightened
boring	bored	interesting	interested
exciting	excited	surprising	surprised
convincting	convinced	terrifying	terrified
tiring	tired	disappointing	disappointed

Past participles, when used as adjectives, can be found in phrases such as the following:

• a broken leg
• a closed door
• crowded bus
• an air – conditioned building
• a married woman
• a used car
• a known fact
• a locked door
• an injured soldier
• a broken promise
• an educated person
• a sealed envelope

An adverb can be placed before past participle adjectives:

• a well known fact
• a well educated person
• a well behaved child
• a slightly used book
• a closely watched experiment
• closely related languages
• a well dressed woman
• a highly paid actor

Difference between almost and nearly.

Almost and nearly have similar meanings; They are both used to express ideas connected with progress, measurement or counting

He slipped and almost fell to the ground.

He slipped and nearly fell to the ground.
Dinner is almost/nearly ready. (= Dinner will soon be ready.)
Sometimes almost shows more ‘nearness’ than nearly.

Compare:
It is nearly 12 o’clock. (= perhaps 11.45)
It is almost 12 o’clock. (= perhaps 11.55)

Nearly can be used with very and pretty. Almost cannot be used with very and pretty.
I have pretty nearly finished. (NOT I have pretty almost finished.)

Nearly suggests progress towards a goal. Almost suggests ideas such as similarity.

He is almost like a father to me. (NOT He is nearly like a father to me.)
She has got a good accent.. She almost sound American.

Almost is never used with a negative:
you could say “A is almost as good as B” or “A is nearly as good as B”, but you can’t say “A is almost not as good as B”.

Nearly is not normally used before negative words like never, nobody, nothing, any etc. Instead we use almost or hardly with ever, anybody, anything etc.

The speaker said almost nothing.
Or
The speaker said hardly anything. (= The speaker said only a few words of little importance.) [NOT The speaker said nearly nothing.]

Almost nobody came.
Or
Hardly anybody came. (NOT Nearly nobody came.)

D. 1. 1. Fill in the blanks with the correct participle (present or past) of the verb given in brackets. One has been done for you.

Ex: I was bored (bore) during the me and fell asleep.

1. After washing clothes for two hours, I felt _______ (tire).
2. Last night I saw an _______ (interest) movie.
3. I didn’t enjoy watching Godzilla. It was a _______ (frighten) movie.
4. I have two sisters. One is single. The other is _______
5. Learning a new language is sometimes very _______ (frustrate).
6. The children were _______ (excite) to see the tigers at the circus.

Answer:

1. tired
2. interested.
3. frightening
4. surprised.
5. frustrating
6. excited.

D. 1. 2. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate past participle. One has been done for you.

Ex : 1 can’t go to the library because the door is locked.

1. Where is the Golphar _______ ?
2. Last night 1 slept only for five hours. I’m so _______ today.
3. My room isn’t _______ so it’s hot in the summer.
4. 1 have two sisters. One is single. The other _______
5. Anuj wasn’t _______ in Patna. He came here when he was six years old.
6. Many movies are _______ in Bollywood.
7. Which director was _______ in making the movie ?
8. Our school bus is always _______
9. Children shouldn’t be _______ to watch movies late a night.
10. Manoj Bajpai is a well _______ actor.

Answer:

1. Where is the Golghar situated ?
2. Last night I slept only for five hours. I’m so exhausted today.
3. My room isn’t air-conditioned, so it’s hot in the summer.
4. I have two sisters. One is single. The other is married.
5. Anuj wasn’t born in Patna. He came here when he was six years old.
6. Many movies are made tn Bollywood.
7. Which director was involved in making the movie ?
8. Our school bus is always late.
9. Children shouldn’t be allowed to watch movies laic at night.
10. Manoj Bajpai is a well known actor.

D. 2. Sequence of tenses

If one clause follows another, its verb takes from accord¬ing to certain rules. This is what we call sequence of tenses. The term sequence of tenses refers to the systematic way in which we alter the speaker’s verb tenses to make clear that all events, past or future, are not simultaneous.

The speaker says, “I am tired of hearing that song.”

We correctly report it: He said he was tired of hearing the song.
Here, changing the tense of the speaker from present to simple past constitutes about most of the process we call sequence of tenses.

We do not say : He says he is tired of hearing the song. The source says : “The weather is bad.”
We then would say/write : He said the weather was bad. Some rules regarding the sequence of tenses are :

1. If the main clause of a complex sentence is in the present tense or future tense, the verb of the dependent clause may take any form any tense. For example :

• I know that he is a good singer, (present tense after a present tense)
• I know that Anshu will help me. (future tense after a present tense)
• I will sec whether Sabiha finished her homework or not. (past tense after a future tense).

2. When the independent clause is in the past tense, the dependent clause must also be in the past tense. For example :

• Anu asked me why 1 was late, (past tense alter a past tense)
• Aslani told me that he was very tired, (past tense after a past tense)
• Ayesha replied that she had missed her train, (past tense after a past tense).

3. If the main clause is in the past tense, the dependent clause can be in the present tense only if it states a universal truth. For example :

• My mother taught me that honesty is the best policy.
• We learnt in school that the earth is round in shape.

I. Fill up the blanks with the correct tense of the verb given in brackets.

1. Anil ran as fast as he _______ (can, could)
2. Just as we _______ the station, the train came. (reach, reached)
3. You will pass the exam if you _______ (try, tried).
4. He waited for his sister until she _______ (come, came).
5. The teacher taught us that green leaves _______ chlorophyll. (contain, contains, contained)
6. Peter said that it _______ him an hour to reach the station. (take, took)

Answer:

1. could
2. reached
3. try
4. came
5. contain
6. too.

II. Fill in the blanks with the correct auxiliary verbs.

1. Paras said that he _______ write the essay.
2. Sabiha told me that she _______ come.
3. Parvez says that he _______ sing a Hindi song.
4. I wished that I _______ buy a new bicycle.

Answer:

1. could
2. can
3. can
4. could.

E. Let’s Talk

Question 1.
Discuss the following in groups or pairs.
No water, no life.
Answer:
Pinki: It is rightly said that no water, no life.
Ankit: Yes, you’re right, without water we can’t survive.
Raj: No water means death of all the living creatures.
Pawan : So, we should save the every drop of water.

F. Composition

Question 1.
Write a letter to your friend describing how water can be saved through rain harvesting.
Answer:
Dear Ravi,

You will be glad to know that I have learned how to save water through rain harvesting.
To harvest the rain water, the houses should be built fitted with slopping roofs fitted with corrugated iron that should be attached to a cement tank on the ground having a tap that could be locked. When rain falls on the roof the rain water is drained to the tank and stored there.

I wish you would be happy to know the process of ram water harvesting.
Waiting eagerly for your letter now.

Yours
Ankit

G. Translation

Question 1.
Translate the first two paragraphs of the lesson in Hindi or your mother tongue.
Answer:
(See, Hindi Translation of the Chapter. Translation of the first two paragraph are given there.)

H. Activity

Question 1.
List ways to save water.
Answer:
Water could be saved if we pay attention towards it. While taking bath we should not let the water run through the tap continuiously. We should store water in buckets and then take bath. Same is the case with brushing our teeth. We should take water in a mug or a small bucket and then sit to brush and not to brush under a running tap. We should also save rain water if necessary.

Harvesting Rain Summary in English

All over the world, there is shortage of drinking water. People should learn Rain water harvesting. So that, water is not wasted and we get rain-water stored for our domestic purposes in times of scarcity of water. Rain water is abundant, safe and very sweet and pleasant to drink, we must learn how to save rain water. The following lesson teaches us very well, the process of rain water harvesting.

Harvesting Rain Summary in Hindi

सारी दुनिया में पीने के पानी की बहद कमी है। लोगों को वर्षा-जल संग्रह की प्रक्रिया सीखनी चाहिए। यह वक्त की जरूरत है और वर्तमान के जल-संकट के दौर में बेहद जरूरी भी है। इस प्रक्रिया को सीखने से वर्षा जल जो काफी मात्रा में बर्बाद हो रहा है यह बर्बादी एक जायेगी और जब जल की कमी होगी, तो जमा किया हुआ जल हमारे पीने और अन्य घरेलू कार्यों के लिए उपयोग में आएगा । वर्मा–जल प्रचुर होता है, यह पीने में बेहद सुरक्षित होता है, साफ और भीटा होता है। प्रस्तुत पाठ हमें रोचक ढंग से और काफी सरलता से वर्षा-जल-संग्रह की प्रक्रिया को समझाता है जिसका हमें अनुकरण करना चाहिए।

Hindi Translation of The Chapter

Ever (adv) [एवर] = कभी । Showers (n) |शाबर्स] = बारिश । Shortage (n) शॉर्टज] = कमी । Thrilling (adj)[थ्रिलिंग] = रोमांचक । Experience (n) [एक्सपीरिएन्स] = अनुभव Adventure (n) [एडवेंचर] = रोमांच, साहसिक कारनामा/कार्य | Method (n) [मेथड] = तरीका । Domestic (adj) [डोमेस्टिक) = घरेलू | Archipelago (n) [आर्किपेलंगो] = टापुओं का समूह | Unpredictable (adj) [अनप्रिडिक्टेबल] = जिसके बारे में कुछ कहना या भविष्यवाणी करना संभव न हो । Fresh (adj) (फ्रेश]

= ताजा | New/tadv) [न्यूली] = नया बना हुआ । Slope (n) [स्लोप] = ढलान । Corrugated (adj) [कॉरूगेटेड] = नालीदार | Sealed (adj). (सील्ड] = बंद किया हुआ । Extend (v)|एक्स्टेन्ड = विस्तार करना | Ran dry (phr) [रैन ड्राई] = सूख गया । Plenty (adj) [प्लेन्टी] = बहुतायत, अत्यधिक । Extremely (adv) [एक्स्ट्रीमली] = बहुत ज्यादा, अधिकता से । Downpour (n) [डाउनपोर] = बारिश । Delighted (adj) [डिलाइटेड] = प्रसन्न । Encourage (v) [एनकरेज) = प्रोत्साहित करना । Level (n) [लेवेल] = स्तर | Abundant (adj) [एबन्डन्ट] = प्रचुर ।

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